Of course, the amount and wealth of harvest collected from it depends on the quality of the soil. And if the composition of the soil in your region makes it necessary to despair the best, then you should not despair, because its quality can be enhanced by various feeding. An excellent source of fertilizers for the country area can serve as a compost pit. About what it represents, why is needed in the country, as well as what the features of the arrangement of the compost pit exist - we'll tell you further.

Appointment of compost pits on the site

The compost pit is necessary on each site, because it is a source of fertilizers capable of improving the quality of the soil. The direct appointment of this design is the utilization of organic waste, which is always in the country area, as well as their further processing into useful organic fertilizers. Organic waste as a result of long-lasting rotting is in the form of organic feeding.

In a compost pit, you can put the usual beveled grass, which is always very much in the country, or fallen leaves from the trees in your garden. After a while, when the grass and leaves lie down in the pit, under the influence of various microorganisms, they turn into an organic feeding. Such fertilizers are perfect for entering into the soil at the country garden or in the garden.

There are many different designs of the compost pits, as well as there are several types of materials from which it can be made. About this in more detail later.

Requirements for the compost

Many people think that a compost pit is just a bunch where waste fell. But this is far from that. To get a high-quality compost that will be excellent fertilizer, you need to perform certain requirements. Otherwise, waste will turn into anyone who does not fit the rotting. When forming a compost pit it is necessary:

• Provide normal compost ventilation.
• Provide compost waterproofing if the pit is located in the open space. For this, the hull of the pit is covered with a lid or a layer of dense polyethylene.
• Ensure the access of microorganisms to the contents of the computers so that they recycle the waste into compost. For this, the lower part of the pit is not protected from the soil in which microorganisms live.

Also, when planning the structure of the compost pit, you must choose the most suitable place for it:

• The pit should be located at sufficient removal from drinking water sources: well wells. The minimum distance is 25 meters.
• If the plot is uneven and is located under the slope, the compost yam is made at the lowest point.
• Removal from houses and residential buildings should be at least 20 m.
• A free access must be provided to the pit to make it convenient to carry it out and turning the compost.
• The direction of the wind should be taken. In the process of rotting the contents of the computers, an unpleasant smell may be distinguished, which can cause a sense of discomfort from both the owners and neighbors.

What is allowed and prohibited for laying into a compost pit

It is worth saying that the compost yam cannot be folded everything in a row. The main "raw materials" for the compost pits are vegetable waste. It can be:

• Sleeping grass and leaves from a plot.
• Waste processing of vegetables and fruits: cleaning, skins.
• Wood waste (necessarily without traces of paint, varnishes, etc.).
• Paper waste (cardboard, napkins, paper). It is not recommended to lay a compost newspaper. They contain zinc-based paint, which can negatively affect the activity of microorganisms. Paper before bookmarking must necessarily grind.
• Egg shell.
• Wood ash.
• Manure of herbal animals. However, before doing this, manure should be cured for at least two years.
• Tea waste, coffee after welding, crushed branches and trees stems.

You can not lay in the compost pit:

• Waste animals, including their corpses or excrement. With their decomposition, a very unpleasant smell is distinguished, they can be infected with helminths, as well as attract rats and other padelvers.
• Fish waste. In this case, the smell of decomposition of fish can attract wild animals that simply dig a pit.
• Rubber, fabric, metals, glass.
• Cabbage residues. When rotting, this vegetable is distinguished by a very unpleasant smell.
• Plants that have been susceptible to fungal diseases, as well as those that have been treated with chemical reagents. Mushrooms whose disputes remain on shoots and plants stems, will be able to calmly wait a long time in the compost and get to the garden. This may cause an outbreak of the disease. Therefore, these plants should immediately burn.
• The laying of the weeds should be made in a separate container, which should be covered with a polyethylene film.

Options for compost pits on the site

Options for the device of the compost pits on the household plot several:

• Open pit. This construction is characterized by a fairly simple design, thanks to which he is very loved by summer houses. It is a simple pit, which is fenced from the sides of the walls of metal, boards or slate, and covered with ordinary polyethylene. This design is usually done single-section. The disadvantage of such pits is that products in them are overloaded for a long time. Often water falls into such pits, which reduces the quality of the compost obtained.
• Computer pit of a closed type. It is a closed box with a loading hatch. It has an overhead and underground part. As a rule, such boxes make two or three-section with wooden partitions. This allows you to use waste everybody. The average decomposition period of organic organic compost without the use of catalysts (they are special bacteria) is 2 years. Therefore, 1 capacity is filled first, in a year - the second one after a year. In the process of filling the 3rd container, it will be possible to use compost from the first and so on. These are complex structures, for the construction of which certain skills are required.
• Computer heaps. They are a bunch of waste that are covered with polyethylene or branches. This very simple way to cook compost is not very popular, as few people want to spoil the appearance of their plot.

How to make a compost pit with your own hands: Basic requirements for the installation of pits do it yourself

How to make an open-type compost yam

Make a compost pit with your own hands is quite easy. This will require a special tool and special skills. Everything is quite simple.

Open type pit is manufactured in the following order:

• First of all, it is necessary to dig in the ground a hole with a depth of 1 m, 1.5 m wide and 2 m long.
• Then, on sides of the finished pit, slate, foliage metal or wooden boards is installed. As a rule, the above-ground part of such a pit is no more than 30 cm.
• The distance between the lower part of the beam and the bottom of the pit must be at least 20 cm. In this case, rainworms and other microorganisms that recycle waste to compost will be easily.
• The pit can be covered with eight wave slate or polyethylene.

How to make a closed jam

A closed pit is manufactured in the following order:

• A hole of 2x3 m with a depth of at least 0.8 m is digging in the ground.
• Then, wooden bars are installed in the pit, which will serve as a frame for an overhead part of the pit. Before installing bars in the underground part, they must be treated with olphus or resin. So they will serve longer.
• Bruks need to be tied with a cross-boron.
• Now you can face frame board. Do it with the help of stainless steel screws.
• The gap between the boards should be at least 40-50 mm to ensure normal compost ventilation.
• After the ground part is covered, 2 partitions are installed to divide the pit for 3 sections. There should be no gaps between the boards of the septum.
• Next, the cover is made on the box. You can make them several, one on each section. The cover is connected to the case of the box with the hinge. It is possible to lay a layer of waterproofing in the form of rubberoid or professional flooring.
• The handles are attributed on top of it.
• The front of the pits of the pit must be slightly below the rear to ensure the slope of the lid to remove moisture during precipitation.

How to make a compost pit on Finnish technology

Making a compost box for Finnish technology is somewhat different from the usual pit. Finnish construction provides for the presence in the front hatch box. Some time after the bookmark, when the bottom layer of the compost is ready, this hatch is prompting to choose a mature compost. At the same time, the greeted compost is lowered down where it will dial further.

The manufacture of the Finnish drawer is performed in the following order:

• Collecting frame from timber. The back and side parts are trimmed by boards, and in the front make the design of the rising door.
• After that, the roof is mounted.
• At the bottom of the pit lay the sand, and for him a hill. Through such a bottom, the moisture will be very well assigned.
• Before starting work, the main parts of the compost pockets from the tree must be treated with an antiseptic.

Also often compost pits are made of concrete:

• The sand is stacked on the bottom.
• After that, the formwork is installed, which poured concrete.
• After it be cooled, the formwork is removed and installed the cover, which is attached to the wall of the compost pit with a loop.

Features of the operation of the compost pit

Although the process of decomposition of the compost proceeds by itself, behind the compost yum should be careed. This will speed up the preparation of compost and increase its quality.

• Remains that are thrown into a bunch must be wet. In this case, microorganisms will faster recycle garbage into a valuable compost. In the summer, when, the temperature of the air is maximum, and the moisture is on the contrary, the minimum, the compost yam should be watered.
• To waste needed to ensure the influx of fresh air. For this, the cooled compost bunch is turned over several times. In the Finnish compost yam it will not do this, since the waste there is decomposed by layers.
• To intensify the process, you can pour a compost yam with warm water and temperature + 50 ° C.
• Before watering and mixing the compost to it, you can add a superphosphate at the rate of 200 grams per 1 m ³ Compost, as well as a urea solution of 5 grams per 1 liter of water.
• For the winter, the compost can be covered with a layer of chernozem 10-15 cm. This will allow as long as possible to maintain the activity of worms.

How to make a compost yam with your own hands: video