Purification of water in a private house.

Having your own home, even in a place very distant from industrial centers, you can not be 100% confident in the purity of water consumed. After all, chemicals are still used in the fields, and this may not affect its composition. So it is necessary to clean the water everywhere: in the city apartment, and in a private house. The purification of water in a private house will be discussed below.

Purpose of cleaning

Water is cleaned to remove all sorts of unwanted inclusions, while maintaining all the necessary components to the maximum. Water filters used in an urban apartment and filters that are intended for installation in a private house are different, their choice depends on the existing water supply system:

if ordinary tap water has been carried out into the house, then a filter is installed for water purification from the water pipeline;
in another case, water is supplied from the well and the filter here is needed different: to purify water without central water supply;
for giving a filter cleansing water in a private house, where they live seasonally.

For all these cases, there are water purification systems and your task is to choose correctly.

Water purification methods

There are 7 ways to purify water:

the most famous and widely used - boil water. Of course, with the method of microorganisms are destroyed, and if you open the lid, the high-length connections will evaporate. But there is a big but: constantly using such water for drinking, we deprive our body very necessary salts of potassium and magnesium for it. They settled at the bottom and walls of the dishes, in which water is boiling. It is very unpleasant, and after all, chlorine is almost always present in the water, and he necessarily reacts with substances that there is in it. As a result, it may be possible, even carcinogen;
from solid impurities, water is cleaned with a mechanical way through a filter with microcenes. Solid particles are delayed on the filter;
it becomes higher than water quality and after cleaning through activated carbon. Water, passing through it, transparent, disappears an unpleasant taste, smell. Remove from the water of the Organic: Radon, Pesticides, Chlorine, Mercury, Lead and others;
used to clean water and its property, like electrical conductivity. From the effects on electric current, the substances in it are oxidized and then removed after passing through the filters. This method is called electromechanical;
nitrates are neutralized and the salts of heavy metals are removed from the water when cleaning it by the ionization method. Ionization is capable of changing the water stiffness parameter, while instead of potassium and magnesium salts, sodium salts appear;

leads to optimal indicators of the salt composition of water and distillation. This is a method in which water is converted to pairs, at the same time all impurities from it will be destroyed. The pair is then turning into water again. Here is a simplified scheme of this process:

another method of purification of water: reverse osmosis. The reverse osmosis membrane filters almost all impurities - by 99.8%, as well as bacteria. Only water molecules are passionately pass through it.

What water purification system to choose

After seeing brief with all ways to purify the water, you can choose for yourself the most suitable, but what advise specialists?

Mechanical filter

With any source of water, the mechanical cleaning filter at the input is necessary. He will protect:

filter of fine water purification from clogging by particles of garbage. Filtering elements will have to be changed less frequently;
household electrical appliances and plumbing. Imagine what will be with washing or dishwasher, if we bring water to them right from the well? Copy will come out very quickly;
corrosion pipes.

Solid particles retains a durable plastic mesh with a cell of 1-100 microns.

A typical filter for mechanical water purification is depicted in the photo above. It consists of:

flasks;
covers;
bracket;
cartridge;
clamp nuts;
keys;
sealing rings;
plugs, with which the pressure is reset.

How to install it, learn, looking at the video:

New water A120

It eliminates sand, rust and other particles, reduces the turbidity of the water filter for mechanical purification of water from the Russian manufacturer's new water A120. His characteristics:

filters water at a speed of 10 l per minute;
suitable at water pressure in highway 1.4-8 kgf / sq. Cm and temperatures from +5 to +35 degrees C;
has a non-woven polypropylene cartridge with a cell of 5 microns;
weighs 1.2 kg;
due to the small size, it can be installed where others will not fit.

We will get acquainted with the characteristics of several other filters of mechanical water purification from well-known foreign manufacturers:

Bugatti Series 170.

The angular filter, produced in Italy, has the following characteristics:

carries a rough mechanical cleaning;
it is established both in water supply systems and in heating systems;
resistant hydraulic shocks;
has 1 level of cleaning;
maximum pressure at the inlet 19.7 atm.

FAR HP-BP

Produced in Italy:

performs thin mechanical cleaning of cold and hot water;
the filter grid is installed with cell size 100, 300 microns;
there is a connection to the filter of the pressure reducer and pressure gauge;
works at a maximum temperature of +95 degrees C and pressure 25 bar;
brass housing.

Honeywell FF06 - 1 / 2AAM

Produced in Germany and is different:

compact sizes;
the ability to perform subtle water purification - sefers particles of 100 microns;
connects to size 1/2 "at a pressure at the inlet 16 bar;
works at temperatures up to +70 degrees C.

Ion exchange for purification of water

Prepares water for further filtration, reduces its rigidity ion exchange.

How does an ion exchange filter work?

The form of the filter is based on the property of ionites (ion exchange resin) to delay the salts of stiffness, so:

ion exchange resin enriched with sodium;
when penetrating the rigid water, the salts contained in it are sodium sodium;
water enriched with sodium, we go for further cleaning, and the salts remain in the tar cartridge.

To restore the cartridge, which is contaminated after the expiration, use an existing tank for regeneration, in which a solution of a special salt in tablets is located. You can use the kitchen salt "Extra", not only iodined.

For installation in the main filters of the reverse osmosis system, the Cartridge Cation-Anion is designed from the ITA Filter company (ITA Filter).

Cartridge CATION-ANION

The cartridge has the following advantages:

in operation is simple;
made from environmentally friendly materials;
reinforced polypropylene, from which the case is made, makes it very durable;
at the exit gives water of increased quality.

Reverse osmosis

Experts are still advised to use such a water purification system as reverse osmosis.

Advantages. disadvantages

The method of purification of water by reverse osmosis is beneficial in that:

chemicals are not applied at all;
water is effectively purified when passing through a pressure membrane.

For someone, it will seem a significant disadvantage that the cleaning process does not happen too fast, but in a different water of high quality not get. Productivity - 150-300 l per day.

Components

Reverse Osmosis system equipped:

pre-cleaning filters;
reverse osmotic membrane;
coal post-filter;
accumulative tank accommodating 4-12 liters;
a set of fittings used when installing the system;
crane purified water.

Operating principle

The water purification system reverse osmosis acts as follows:

pre-clean;
the main purification occurs when water passes through a reverse outer membrane, which, in addition to water molecules, does not miss anything else: neither heavy metals nor organic substances;
The impurities isolated from water, merge into the sewer. The volume of waste is 2/3 of the total amount of incoming water;
purified water is assembled in the drive;
When unscrewed the crane, clean water passes through the coal post-filter, where it is finally cleaned, and the missing portion of water from the filter automatically arrives in the accumulative tank;
The pressure required for the operation of the osmosis is 2-6 bar.

In this system, the most valuable element is a replaceable reverse osmotic membrane. It will serve it that longer than better quality water will go into it. Therefore, the preliminary cleaning has such great importance.

Pressing preliminary

At this stage, 3 filters are used:

The 1st filter is made of polypropylene. Designed for detaining particles of 1/2 microns. It is sand, rust, different garbage;
The 2nd filter separates chemical and organic impurities, i.e. chlorine, pesticides, heavy metals, petroleum products, etc.;
The 3rd filter is mechanical and separates particles having a size of less than 1 micron.

Reverse membrane

The central element of purification of water in the reverse osmosis is a reverse osmotic membrane. The following processes occur in it:

water filtration perform porous artificial membranes, twisted as a cylinder - one or more. Pores in the membrane are very small - 1/1000 micron, transmitting only molecules;
Water here is divided into 2 streams: water having crystal purity and it goes to a storage capacity and a solution with harmful inclusions that goes into the sewer;
the exit water is fresh and tasty, because Oxygen and other gases passed through the membrane. Boil does not change properties, but for water used as drinking, it is simply superfluous in this case.

Additional cartridges

For those who seek excellence, there is an opportunity to include additional cartridges in the system:

calcium, magnesium and sodium enrich water mineralizer;
the natural structure of water is restored when the system is supplemented with a biocheramic cartridge.

Double osmosis systems suitable for private house

For a family up to 5 people, the ATOLL A-560E reverse osmosis system is perfect. She is going to Russia, and the components are purchased in the United States. It has such specifications:

cleans 10 liters of water per hour;
possesses 5 degrees of cleaning. The purity of water is achieved to 94-98%;
12 l of purified water is placed in the cumulative tank;
works at a pressure of 2.8 to 8.4 atm.

For use in everyday life and installation of Aquapro AP-600P:

the manufacturer is Aquapro from the United States;
suitable for private houses, where water pressure is low - below 2.5 atm;
gives up to 18 liters of purified water for an hour;
the height of the accumulative tank 38 at a diameter of 28 cm;
it has 5 cleaning steps.

Purification of wastewater

Cleaning wastewater in a private house is needed no less than purification of water.

Buildings for wastewater treatment from "Locass-Engineering"

Claim structure "Lokos" can work consistently in any conditions:

in the case of volleam discharges;
during interruptions with electricity;
with seasonal accommodation.

It has the following advantages:

Cleans the drains up to 98%.
Works silently.
There is no smell.
Over the clearing construction "Lokos" can be arranged by the flower.
It consists of 4 technological containers, where the first acts as a sump, and in three subsequent, cleaning in 3 stages are carried out:

in an anaerobic bioreactor, partial cleansing occurs due to the livelihood of microbes;
Next, wastewater pass through 2 aerotank, in which there are aerators, loading and aerobic mechanisms;
in the last chamber there is a final settling of already purified effluents. Now this water can water the garden.

The wastewater is perfectly occurring in the Barça Bio septica from Konard. He is:

three-chamber structure equipped with a stream system and two biofilters;
wastewater in the "Bars-Bio Plus" modification is discharged by a float pump.

You will replenish your knowledge about cleansing water in a private house, looking at these videos: