The formwork is a totality of parts and various elements that are necessary for the construction of monolithic structures from a frozen building composition. When erecting the foundation, it serves as the basis of its aboveground part.

Types and spheres of formwork

Types of formwork:

• non-removable;

• Removable.

When the foundation is arranged, a removable type of formwork is applied, since further finishing of its front side is supposed. Therefore, the smaller will be its fundamental surface, the less effort and financial costs will be required.

The most popular building materials intended for formwork are considered metal and wood.

Also, builders are used by a non-removable formwork made of polystanerol. It is particularly relevant to zones with harsh climatic conditions.

Shield removable opalk

Due to the special design, this type of formwork provides the necessary parameters of stability, rigidity and strength. With it, build columns, walls of a variety of configuration, foundations and other objects.

The collapsible-re-shielding formwork consists of individual elements going directly at the construction site.

The design of this type of formwork suggests:

• plastic or metal;
• Waterproof plywood shields;
• rigid metal frame.

Shields are quite tightly connected to each other to form a bulk block form. The ends are protected by a frame of metal and sealant. All formwork details are attached together with the help of stretch marks and tie clamps. Thanks to the metallic frame, the overall structure of the design is created, which allows you to speed up the installation process. Such universality of shields helps to create numerous types of designs.

Installing the formwork includes fixing the shields by temporary struts, special wire twists and other connecting elements. Installation of shields is made by marking schemes in which the necessary parameters and other characteristics are indicated. Prior to the onset of the immediate masonry of concrete, the design must be tested for compliance with certain geometric parameters. After pouring the concrete composition, formwork shields are removed and transferred to the next building object.

The advantages of the shield formwork:

• not deformed under the influence of concrete composition;
• withstands heavy loads;
• Due to the high accuracy of the shield sizes, provides excellent quality of construction of monolithic structures.

Features of using this type of formwork:

• repairable;
• implies a high turnover rate;
• Reduces time for finishing work;
• easy to install;
• easy to maintain;
• universal;
• reliable;
• Durable.

According to its size, the shield formwork is divided into:

1. Loading

Used when building walls with standard height. The applicable shields correspond to the size of the concrete site. Basically uses shields of more than 3 m.KV. Such a formwork system reduces the time spent on working and there are 2 types:

• aluminum;
• Steel.

2. Small adverse

Used in the arrangement of foundations and walls. Quite a small mass and dimensions of elements allow it to apply it in conditions of limited spaces and in the absence of lifting cranes. The design of the necessary elements allows the formwork of various configurations and any level of complexity.

How to fix the formwork

Formwork for the foundation of a ribbon type

To make such a formwork with your own hands, you need to have a simple set of tools. Today, at a homework, you can find metal collapsible structures for formwork consisting of smooth plates. All these parts are easily fixed with each other. Similar structures allow you to build ideal surfaces, thereby lowering the cost of finishing and significantly saving time for its improvement.

If you have no opportunity to purchase a ready-made formwork, you can make it yourself, applying nails, bars, boards or plywood shields.

Construction and fastening of formwork foundation:

• First you need to drive into the ground bars who will act as a support;
• Then attach the boards on them (plywood sheets);
• Fixing formwork follows nails from the inside;
• For additional fixation, it must be fixed with both in the outside, but already struts (in 100 cm increments);
• Next, you can proceed to the filling process by concrete composition.

Formwork at home

The modern direction of construction is the construction of walls by a monolithic method, which in practice has proven its extreme efficiency.

The advantage of this method of wall structures is the reliability of the frame design, the speed of installation and smooth surface texture. In this case, the monolithic formwork is used. With its help, walls are formed, by filling in the installed forms of concrete composition. As a rule, such a frame-shield formwork species allows you to build the walls with a height of 2.5-3.3 m. If necessary, it can increase in height due to the shorter elements of smaller sizes.

If you decide not to stop at the construction of a one-story house, then in order to fix the formwork for the second floor aropoyas, you can use steel wire 8 mm in a step of no more than 60 cm. However, it is more practical to apply special M16 threaded studs that are sold with washers and nuts.

How to fix the formwork of the foundation

Recommendations:

1. When building a fundamental formwork, it is necessary to take into account the location of its parties (horizontally and vertically). To do this, use the level.

2. In monolithic construction, it is necessary to correctly fix and align formwork shields. Their vertical location should be as accurate as possible, so this uses special pumps (telescopic, screw, duplex, single-level).

3. Single-level saws are used to attach formwork shields in a position that provides for the project:

• Initially, you need to push the pipe;
• Then lock it on the shield, with the help of an anchor platform;
• To accurately set the shield, a threaded node is used, which is equipped with a flanged nut;
• Specially designed heel with anchor hole forms a fixation of the pan to the ground.

4. Support two-tier fastening the formwork in the desired position using two points, which creates more accurate adjustment when placing formwork and reliable fixation of the shield. At the same time, they can be used to fix the shields at an altitude of about 400 cm, and consist of several branches:

• lower for fixation to the ground;
• top for fixing to the shield.

How to fix video formwork: