The system of sewage in a private house must be mounted taking into account all the rules, otherwise its normal operation and maintenance will be difficult or impossible. About how to make a sewer in a private house with your own hands it will be discussed in this article.

General information about private house sewage systems

The sewage system is mounted in accordance with the individual project. In this regard, the rules and sequence of design stages are of particular importance.

1. The general scheme of communications is manufactured.
2. The depth of laying pipes and septic sptics is determined, taking into account the characteristics of the climate.
3. The diameter of the pipes is calculated on the basis of data on the number of living in the house, the types of sanitary and household appliances and its work modes.

The sewage system of the private house consists of three modules.

1. An intramaid drain system consisting of sewer pipes combined into a single design. It can combine the internal sewer of all buildings on the site. The pipe connection is made by shaped parts. The domestic system through the check valve is connected to the external one. The appointment of the valve is to eliminate possible problems (the appearance of an unpleasant odor). Filling the drain container, thanks to this device, will not be threatened with the inverse flow of wastewater.
2. Outdoor sewage: The system consists of septic sites (cesspools) and pipes connecting them with a domestic system.
3. Storm sewage: can be connected to its own accumulative capacity or with a common septic (if it allows its volume).

What must be taken into account in the sewage calculations for a private house

In order for all components of the sewage houses of the private house to be mounted correctly and functionally, the following factors take into account calculations.

1. The location of all sanitary devices is determined, the installation of which should be performed in accordance with the sanitary rules. The method of attaching devices to the common system is indicated.
2. Selects a sampling or pressure method for transporting waste to accumulative containers. The self-type option is preferable, but it requires the observance of the angle of the edge of the sewer pipe.
3. The angles of inclination of pipes are calculated in accordance with their diameter and length. For example, for 50 mm pipe, the slope must be at least 3 cm on the pattern, for a meter 100 (110) mm - 2 cm per meter, for diameters from 160 mm and more - 0.8 cm per meter.
4. Performance (bandwidth) of sanitary devices are taken into account.
5. Define places for mounting risers. For pressure balancing, it includes the installation of fan pipes.

Angle of slope sewer pipes depending on the diameter

Important: When designing internal and external sewage, minimizes the number of angles. Such connections are vulnerable areas of the system: they are delayed waste, which leads to clogging of pipes.

Outdoor sewage is designed in accordance with the requirements of environmental legislation. It is necessary to respect the distance from septics to wells and water intake wells.

The recommended sewage depth in a private house, with your own hands laid in the trench, should be lower than the level of primerization of the soil. Otherwise, the pipes are protected by thermal insulating material or the electrical heating system is mounted.

Minimum distances are observed:

• between the wall of the base of the house and the cesspool - 15 m;
• from the wall of the base to the overflow well - 12 m;
• from the foundation to the septica - 5 m;
• from the foundation to the station of biocosity - 3 m.

Important: If the accumulative capacity is located at a considerable distance from the house, the pipe of the external sewage is be protected by the heat insulating material and the heating cable is mounted.

Technology of installation of the sewer system of the private house: phased description

All work can be divided into several stages.

Preparatory work on conducting sewage in a private house with your own hands

1. It is necessary to develop a general scheme of future communications. It is important to accurately reflect the parameters of the domestic system so as not to be mistaken with the pipe diameters and the installation site of plumbing. In the drawing, plot pipes to the riser with a diameter of 50 mm, a riser, a fan tube and an inlet into the external system with a diameter of 100 (110) mm are indicated. Connection of the transition of the internal system into the external, the attachment of some plumbing devices is performed by corrugated pipes.
2. According to the scheme, the number is determined and the purchase of pipes for conducting sewage in the private house with their own hands.
3. A tool is prepared: cutting saw (it is cutting down the pipes in length), a knife or a chamfer for decoration, rubber rings (seals), technical lubricant.
4. The number is calculated and the shaped parts are purchased.

For connecting pipes of the same and different diameters, the following shaped parts are used:

• angular styles (for the formation of taps under 90 or under 45 degrees);
• transitions (serve to directly connect the pipes of the same diameters);
• tees and fourth (crosses) branching fittings;
• transition clutches (for direct connection of different pipe diameters);
• revision.

All styles at the ends have rasters with a place for rubber seals. Such a device is necessary for a sealed pipe connection.

Installation of corrugated transition

How to make a sewage layout in a private house with your own hands

It is recommended to follow the sequence of installation work:

1. Set risers. They can be mounted next to the ventilation channels, but cannot be combined. The distance from the risers to the toiletz should not exceed 1 m, to other plumbing - 5 m.
2. Attach to the toilet ribs (these nodes should be lower than others) and exhaust pipes. It is possible to attach several plumbing devices at once to one common node, but it is necessary to take into account the bandwidth of the supply pipe. Pipes are attached to the walls using clamps.
3. Plumbing appliances are connected to pipes. In order to prevent unpleasant odors from entering the room use water shutter siphons.

Tip: The pipe connection will be easier if their edges are pre-processing with technical lubricant or heated in boiling water.

Installation of a fan tube for sewage in a private house

Fan pipe in a common sewer system is necessary for:

• leveling pressure inside the pipe with the outer (prevents hydrowards);
• withdrawal of accompanying odors and gas;
• increase productivity and increase sewage service life.

Channelization scheme

Before mounting the fan tube install revision. The pipe outlet should rise above the level of the roofing at least 0.7 m. Combining with general ventilation and chimney is not allowed, the height of the outputs should not be the same.

Gasket outdoor sewage site

For external sewage, pipes from polyvinyl chloride (PVC) or propylene bright orange are used. If the depth of the laying is significant, tubes with a two-layer structure and corrugated external protective layer are used.

During laying outdoor pipes, the following rules are followed:

1. The size of the trench should allow the docking of the pipes. The recommended minimum clearance between the pipe and the wall is 0.4 m.
2. The trench between the wall of the foundation and the accumulative capacity is rotate with a slope toward the tank. The depth is not rationed, but it is recommended to be greater depth of the fruit of the soil.
3. The bottom of the trench is leveled, all major stones are removed.
4. It is satisfied with a sandy bench, which is tamped. Such preparation is necessary for smooth laying of pipes and their stability.
5. The connection of the laid pipes is performed in the direction of the foundation of the house.
6. If the length of the outer sewage is significant, armed intermediate revisions in the form of tees with the terminal output. Such revisions are necessary for cleaning the system, they close the plug on top.
7. When connecting pipes, the pairing points are treated with technical lubrication or concentrated soap solution.
8. When changing the direction of the pipeline, only smooth taps are used.
9. Entering the pipe into a septic tank or a cesspool is performed through a rubber sealing cuff to avoid a rigid connection that may be damaged in soil moves.
10. The inverse swelling of the trench with the pipe is performed at the beginning of the sand, after which it is possible to use a more dense soil.

Smooth outdoor

Storm sewage in a private house do it yourself

In order for rain and thawed water to destroy the walls and the base of the house, did not penetrate the basement, the installation of storm sewage should be provided. The main components of such a system:

• trays (gutters) for the sewage of the surface type, stacked in a small trench with a slope in the direction of the accumulative tank;
• capacity of the rectangular shape with a lattice lid, which are installed in a swallowed position so that water flows down from the roof through the drain pipes;
• welcoming pallets (variety of rain-seekers);
• viewing wells necessary for maintenance of sewage (are installed on trays intersection metas);
• mudchochovers: they settle in them, dirt and sand, which fall into the system;
• the collector well in the form of a py of rainwater (and other types of drives): accumulate and filtered the water entering them, which is then absorbed into the soil.

The diversion of rainwater can be organized in the following ways.

1. With the help of a point system: all rain and melt water flows into rains, and then the channels of the closed type enters the cumulative capacity or is outputted. Channels in the form of pipes are laid under the ground at a depth of 30 to 70 cm (depends on the diameter of the channel).
2. Linear system: is a design of gutters manufactured from concrete, plastic or cast iron.
3. Mixed sewage: Used point elements and linear system.

Tip: The depth of laying the channels of the closed system can be reduced, if they heat the pipes, fall asleep with a layer of rubble on top of the gasket from geotextile (taking the drainage in this way).

Sewage maintenance: pumping

The pump for the sewage site of a private house without a shredder is not suitable, as they quickly fail. Features of the sewage pumping in a private house with their own hands consist in the need to apply special fecal pumps that differ in the installation method.

1. Submersible type, equipped with stainless steel housing. The device is installed in the hole in such a way that only the control panel remains on the outside. The pump is attached to the walls of the septicity with the help of angular elements.
2. Semi-duty type: In the aggressive medium there is only a part that is responsible for pumping, and the unit itself remains on the surface. Immersion depth adjusts the float. The disadvantage of the device is the absence of the shredder.
3. Outdoor installation: equipment of this type is located near the accumulative container, immersing only hoses in stock. The pump is not equipped with a shredder, therefore it is not used to pump waste water with solid particles.

Your attention is visual information about how the sewage is carried out in a private house with your own hands: video with explanations of a specialist.