Each gardener knows perfectly well that manual watering of green plantings on the household plot is quite a tedious and inappropriate occupation. Nowadays, there are many devices intended for watering plants. These include the sprinkler system of irrigation, which will be discussed in this article.

Sprinkler selection criteria

This irrigation system obtained its name from the irrigation head, which is called a sprinkler and is one of its main elements. Now there are a number of models of these devices. The choice of a specific sprinkler depends on several factors.

The main ones are:

• square and form of the site;
• water supply source;
• grown plants;
• the need to carry out solid irrigation.

The first criterion involves the location of the devices, based on the area of \u200b\u200bthe site. Sometimes it is rational to use sprinklers, with which the irrigated territory will be fired by sectors. In this case, they are placed on the boundaries of the site.

The process of spraying and water consumption by many modern models of sprinklers directly depends on the pressure in the water supply system. Based on the bandwidth, determined:

• the number of irrigation heads acquired;
• scheme of their location;
• irrigation rate.

Spraying the aqueous flow can be carried out with small or large drops. Thanks to special elements of sprinklers, you can get a minimally thin water spraying. This is very important when growing some green plantings, which multiply with stalling.

For watering colors that have too delicate petals, devices are purchased with a small radius of spraying and small water consumption. When it is necessary to produce a solid watering of the site, then sprinklers for drip irrigation are selected.

Main varieties of devices

The irrigation devices can be conditionally divided into three types:

• dynamic;
• minsprinklers;
• ripers for watering plots with a large area.

Most dynamic sprinklers are circular rods. Their irrigation radius ranges from 2 to 5.5 m. Devices spray water with small drops and do not form fog. A distinctive feature of this type of sprinklers is the possibility of self-cleaning and minimal deposition of salts in the inner part of the devices.

The cessation of water supply is accompanied by lowering the irrigation head into the housing. Due to the fact that the working hole of the sprinkler is closed, insects and trash can not get into it. It protects the device from premature clogging. To reduce the spray radius, the dynamic sprinklers can be installed with the direction at the bottom point.

The system of irrigation in the country using minissists provides for spraying water drops from 9 to 13 m. Thanks to a wide range of models, you can pick up a minissary for:

• greenhouses;
• landscape design;
• landscaping;
• watering a garden or garden.

For these devices, a low water flow pressure is characterized. The most optimal is the pressure of 2 atm. The benefits of using minuses include:

• uniform spraying;
• small water consumption;
• slow soil moisturizing process.

Watering minisprinklers resembles the "mushroom" rain. Almost all water drops absorbed into the ground without the occurrence of peel. These polyval devices do not require the laying of expensive pipelines and reinforcement to them.

Some models of minuses are equipped with various nozzles for spraying water. Due to this, during the work, the performance of the irrigances can be adjusted.

For watering a large country area, it is better to use the Sprinklers of the series 900, 920 or 940. These models are able to spray water by 15 m. They are used for moisture:

• landscape design;
• flower;
• lawns;
• vegetables;
• other farm crops and plants.

These models spray water with two slowly rotating jets, thanks to which an uniform watering of the irrigated area occurs. The devices are equipped with a built-in filter, function without vibrations and very smoothly, and finish work with the closure of irrigation heads.

Sprinklers of the 900, 920 and 940 series are recommended for freezing. The main technical characteristics of these devices are:

• irrigation rate - 2 mm / 1 h;
• operating pressure - 2-2.5 atm;
• the optimal placement scheme is 10 * 10 m;
• the possibility of installation at different heights, ranging from 0.2 m and ending 1 m above the ground.

If there is a very large area of \u200b\u200bthe site, it is recommended to use pressure regulators. They are installed at the entrance to the irrigation unit. This will allow you to properly adjust the flow of water and establish pressure, which will lead to uniform watering.

Designing sprinkler watering system

For the correct and fast arrangement of the sprinklers, you will need to make an accurate and detailed plan of the site. With its preparation, all existing or placed in the future should be taken into account:

• fences;
• tracks;
• the buildings;
• reservoirs;
• other architectural forms;
• shrubs;
• trees;
• flower beds;
• alpine slides;
• garden;
• garden;
• the place of connecting the elements of the sprinkler watering to the water supply system;
• the location of the controller intended for automatic control of sprinklers.

At the next step, the sprinkler system is calculated. It provides for a consistent solution to such tasks:

• determination of the optimal number of rods;
• their location, taking into account areas of watering;
• calculation of the required pipe cross section;
• placement of pipelines on the site.

How to propose sprinklers

There are several rules for placing irrigation devices. These include:

• the location of adjacent sprayers at a distance, which is equal to the radius of their action;
• ensuring high-quality watering of the entire irrigated territory;
• elimination of watering of fences, buildings, tracks (if possible);
• acquisition of sprinklers with a minimal spray radius, with a large number of shrubs and trees.

When spraying water, which is sprayed from one sprinkler, must coincide with the initial point of spraying the adjacent device.

The need to divide the irrigances on irrigation zones is due to the following reasons:

• insufficient power of the source of water supply;
• different speed of watering devices;
• different need of plants in water.

Often, it is the last criterion that is fundamental at the arrangement of sprinklers. Plants that grow on an open lawn are poured more often than planting on the shaded area. Alpine slide flowers require a special watering mode.

Pipeline location scheme

Installation of the sprinkler system involves laying the pipeline by which water will be supplied to the irrigation heads. Together with the pipes, electromagnetic cranes and plastic boxes should be installed correctly.

The fastening of the cranes is carried out at the entrance to the pipeline. Moreover, these locking elements must be in each sprinkler spray zone. When purchasing a specific model of the crane, pay attention to the water consumption indicator, which will pass through it.

The main purpose of plastic boxes is the placement of cranes in them. For more convenient to work with the cranes, the boxes are equipped with an upper lid. It is quite acceptable to install one large box for 3-4 cranes.

The pipeline itself consists of two parts:

• highway;
• internal design.

The main task of the main pipeline is the connection of the water supply source with cranes. The internal pipe is laid for zonal docking cranes with sprinklers. First, the main pipeline is paved.

Internal pipelines are drawn based on the characteristics of each zone and generally accepted recommendations. These include:

• maximum rectilinence of pipe wiring;
• the smallest distance between the rods and cranes;
• rational location of plastic boxes (convenient access and aesthetic appearance);
• the minimum length of the trenched trenches under the pipes.

When creating a sprinkler system of irrigation, you need to position the controller with an electrical cable based on it. The wire section directly depends on its length. When the cable length is up to 100 m, its cross section should be from 0.75 to 1 mm². If the wire is required, the length of which exceeds 100 m, then you need to purchase a cable with a cross section of more than 1.5 mm².

Video displaying the principle of operation of the sprinkler system: