At the end of the first decade, a wave of fashion on the environmentally friendly and energy efficient construction of country houses and cottages was gradually started to come to Russia. Fashion legislators in this matter are Germany, the Netherlands, Japan, Canada and Australia. In these countries, a system for the use of environmentally friendly technologies has long been developed in the construction of housing. The project of the future cottage is designed to take into account the maximum use of renewable energy sources in the process of its operation.

Windmill with your own hands: the scope of application and the device of the wind generator

A new home may have an autonomous energy supply system, expecting electricity from solar panels or wind generators. With its construction, materials that have a low level of negative impact on the environment, as well as high energy efficiency should be used as much as possible. Very often, during the construction of such houses, plants are used to create comfortable living conditions. For example, the trees planted on the south side will reduce the cost of air conditioning in the conditions of summer heat, and a small garden created inside the building is capable of maintaining comfortable humidity.

In times of steady exhaustion of fossil fuel reserves and deterioration of the environment, the question of the ubiquitous use of alternative energy is becoming more and more acute every day. At the moment, the technologies aimed at using alternative energy sources in households were obtained. Among such sources of energy, wind generators occupy no last place. With the help of such devices, it is possible to receive electricity, while pretty saving money on its payment. About how to make a windmill with your own hands - further in the article.

Windmill for generating electricity began to be used even at the beginning of the last century. But low prices for fossil fuels, as well as the development of atomic and thermal energy led the generation of electricity using a windmill in decline. At the beginning of the current century, the situation began to change in the other direction. The growing need for energy along with environmental problems forced humanity to return to the forgotten word again - a windmill. Now about 2% of the electricity produced is generated with wind generators. Leaders for the use of wind power for electricity generation are European countries: Denmark, Norway, Netherlands, Germany, as well as China and the United States.

With the development of wind power on an industrial scale, consumer use of windmills is becoming increasingly popular. The scope of applying wind generators is as follows:

• Windmill is able to provide electricity private home ownership regardless of the availability of electrical networks or become an additional power source during frequent outages. The complex of the wind turbine equipment includes the windmill itself, an inverter and a battery pack that will feed the house in the windless weather.
• Often, wind generators are used as an additional source of energy. In order not to buy additionally batteries, it is connected to the water tank. Electricity windmill heats water that heats the room, saving huge money.
• The capacity of household wind generators varies from 250 W to 30 kW. The latter will be able to provide electricity large or several medium-sized houses. Some experienced masters can even make a windmill from plastic bottles with their own hands. Such devices are quite economical. And make a windmill from bottles with hands is quite simple.

Of course, while the cost of wind generators is too high for their mass use. The approximate price of the complex is 1 thousand dollars per 1 kW of power. But it is safe to say that in the foreseeable future, the use of such systems in private homes will steadily grow. To reduce installation costs, you can make a windmill for home with your own hands.

Vertical windmill do it yourself

Hand windmills: drawings

Axial devices operating on neodymium magnets are considered the most popular version of the homemade wind generator. They are equipped with rooking stators. Initially, such wind generators were manufactured in the West countries, and over time, when components fell, they began to produce them in Russia in private conditions.

The initial stage of the installation of the wind generator is to draw up diagrams and drawings.

The scheme must include the entire configuration of the device:

• The basis of the windmill of this type is a car hub with brake discs. At such a base, you can mount a rather powerful device capable of working even in low-level regions.
• Neodymium magnets are placed on the circle. Usually, 20 magnets are enough to mount the windmill, the dimensions of which are 25 per 8 mm. However, such a number of magnets for the wind generator is not a dogma. They can be installed any quantity.
• For a wind generator with a single-phase engine, the number of neodymium magnets should be equal to the number of coils, and for three-phase, their number is defined as 2/3 or 4/3 from the number of coils.
• Magnets are glued to the surface of the rotor with strict alternation of poles. Moreover, they must be placed evenly throughout the radius of the plate of the rotor. Usually, for this work, a template with previously applied sectors lines is used. You can make a generator for a windmill with your own hands, and thus significantly reduce the process of installation work.
• When working on the installation of magnets on the rotor, it is important not to confuse their poles. To do this, the mark is made on each side of the magnet. You can check the poles simply leaving one to another. The same poles should be repelled.
• Glue neodymium magnets on superchalters or other polymeric adhesives, and then poured with epoxy resin. In order to in the process of frost, it does not spread, you can make small sides from Scotch.

Which generator is better: three- or single-phase

This question always ask those who first decided to assemble the wind generator and the windmill engine with their own hands. Newbies usually prefer a single-phase generator in view of its simpler design. However, it is far from quite the right course. When operating a single-phase generator, an additional vibration occurs during the load and there is a jump-shaped amplitude of the current. When the coil passes above the magnet - it increases, and when between them - on the contrary, it falls. Because of this, the efficiency of a single-phase generator is less. The three-phase amplitude of the current is more constant, due to the compensation of one phase, which passes above the magnet, as well as the other passing between them. Due to this, the wind generator under load does not have any oscillations, which has a positive effect on the strength of its design.

How to get the coil

Basic Rules Winding Coils:

1. The number of turns of the stator winding usually define "on the eye", although it would be more correct to calculate it. For a generator, which at 150 rpm will be able to give a current sufficient for charging a car battery with a voltage of 12 V, a fairly total number of turns in all coils in 1200 pcs.
2. The greater the number of turns, the more powerful is the generator. If you split this number to the number of coils, you can get the number of turns in each of them. For winding it is necessary to make a collapsible core, which is installed on the rotating mechanism. To this end, you can use low revs.
3. Covered with a wire with a large cross section to increase resistance and reduce the current. When winding each of the coils, it is necessary to take into account its thickness. It should not be greater than the thickness of the magnets. If this happens, the distance between the rotors will increase significantly, which will reduce the generator efficiency.
4. You can wind one coil and check the current that it produces when rotating the rotor. In this case, it will be possible to obtain an idea of \u200b\u200bwhich power will be the generator.
5. Usually windscreen coils are dangling. However, this is not entirely correct. The rectangular sector includes more copper wire, which has more direct sites. For the same reason, it is better to use rectangular magnets. The diameter of the coil hole must be greater than or equal to the diameter of the magnet.

For the production of the stator, you need to make a pattern and form. The pattern is needed for the correct arrangement of coils relative to the rotor magnets. The coils are laid out and placed in the form. Contacts of coils are displayed out. After frozen the resin, they will be connected into an electrical chain. Epoxy resin is poured into the form. To improve the strength characteristics of the stator, fiberglass placed on the bottom of the form. In order to avoid the adhesion of the resin to the shape, its sides and the bottom is lubricated with technical oil or other lubricant. After pouring the resin, the stator is removed from the form and collect the generator.

Production of blades and installation of the device

For the manufacture of blades, plastic pipes with a diameter of 160 mm can be used. The shape of the blade can be calculated or found in open sources. For small wind turbines, 3 to 6 blades are used.

The height of the mast of the homemade wind generator can reach 12 meters. It should be reliable, since the device is experiencing very heavy loads, especially with a gusty wind. To install the mast, a concrete foundation is poured under it, and it is additionally fixed by tension cables.

Windmills do it yourself: video