The lighting of the garden plot should be organized in such a way as to ensure the convenience of using all economic objects. In addition, the lighting is necessary for the protection and for the design design of the building and adjacent territories. More information about this, as well as the basic rules for the installation of installation work, will be described further.

Types of garden lighting

The location of the lamps, their type, power and mode of operation, is selected depending on their functional purpose. There are the following types of cottage coverage.

1. General: It is intended for uniform coverage of the entire territory or the most important sections. Creates favorable conditions for work and rest in the evening.
2. Decorative garden lighting: can be implemented in the form of multi-colored garlands, garden figurines with lanterns, LED point lamps. The main task is to emphasize the general style of the design of the country area, create a mood.
3. Technical: Designed to illuminate the entrances to household buildings and a garden house. Security functions can also be performed.
4. Marking: emphasizes the lighting of such objects as steps, bridges, entrance gates, shops. This is important in terms of security.
5. Security: It provides for the installation of lamps for lighting the fence throughout the perimeter of the site, as well as buildings and parking space of the car. Floodlights with anti-vandal protection and bright lamps are used.

The marking lights of the terrace steps

Nuances of garden lighting device

Gardening and park lighting should benefit from the dignity of the country area. This is recommended to follow the following tips of landscape designers.

1. The backlight of the tracks should be uniform. This means that the lamps must be arranged along the movement route at the same distances from each other. It is important that the light source is not sent to the eye.
2. Perennial plants, shrubs and trees are highlighted by spotlights from below. Thus, the object will be covered completely.
3. The reservoir is highlighted by bottom spotlights and luminaires installed around the perimeter. This is important for security: it is prevented by a random drop in a person in water.
4. The backlight of the buildings can be organized using lamps at the entrance, as well as their placement on the frontows, near the columns.

Illuminated artificial reservoir with special hermetic spotlights

Basic conditions that garden lighting should meet

The rules listed below must be respected during installation.

Fastening the lamp support to the pedestal

Garden Lamp Support Installation Scheme

1. All electrical equipment (junction boxes, sockets, switches, lamps) should be moisture protection, with a degree of security not lower than 44 (except for underwater lighting devices).
2. Cables in the ground are paved at a depth of at least 0.5 m. For protection against mechanical damage, armored PMD pipes, asbestos-cement or plastic pipes are used. Before their gasket is satisfied with the sand.
3. Differential automata are used to protect the wiring from exceeding the load. To protect people from damage to the current - Uzo (protective shutdown) and ground contour.
4. Sources of light should be economical. It is not recommended to use incandescent lamps: they consume a lot of electricity.
5. The core section should be calculated based on the planned load. Cables must be triple (with the ability to connect ground).
6. The insulation of the compounds must be reliable and safe.
7. Street lights with a height of more than 2 m installed on the foundation with reinforcement. The supports are welded or fasten with screws to the mortgage.

Cable output for installation of the lamp

Tip: Electrical cables with armored shell do not need to be protected additionally pipes. It is enough to designate the cable laying track in the diagram and put in a trench of a red-colored ribbon.

Warning protective tape in trench with power cable

Equipment used for garden lighting

Street garden lighting can be arranged using lamps of various types.

Important: The brightness of light sources is selected optimal. The level of illumination should ensure security and not drown out other elements of the landscape decoration.

Lighting on the site: Choosing garden lamps

1. Street lights. They differ in the installation method: there are wall, cantilever, on metal supports. Depending on the style of registration of the country area, lamps are used in the classic style or modern LED.
2. Garden fireflies. Such devices do not need to be connected to the mains due to solar batteries that feed the LED light bulbs. Their dignity is able to arrange fireflies along the tracks in any quantity and clean if necessary. Fireflies are used to highlight the contour of garden tracks and as point backlighting inputs into various buildings.
3. Garden figures with light sources. It can be fungi, dwarfs, houses, animal figures. Install them near the artificial reservoirs, on the flower beds, at the entrance to the country house.
4. The lighting of garden tracks can be carried out in three ways: using lamps at high columns embedded in luminaire lamps, devices on low columns with solar panels.

Decorative garden lamps on solar panels

Garden Lighting Equipment

Garden lighting is mounted using the following materials:

• switches (external and internal installation);
• distribution boxes of hermetic execution;
• metal pipes, corrugated pipes (to protect cable conclusions);
• trinket cable;
• circuit breakers;
• UZO by 30 mA;
• distribution shield;
• light relays;
• motion sensors.

Luminaires equipped with light sensor (twilight relay)

Note: In the case of the use of LED lamps, which uses the voltage of the 12 V network voltage, the installation of lowering transformers is required.

Garden Lighting Technology

Garden lighting with your own hands can be installed without the involvement of specialists, if you follow certain rules. The whole process is conditionally divided into the following steps:

• planning the lighting of the site;
• land work: cable laying;
• installation of lamps and other electrical equipment;
• installation (connection of cables in distribution cables, connection of lamps, RCD, light sensors and motion, etc.);
• checking the work of the coverage of the country area.

Planning garden lighting

At the planning stage, it is necessary to solve the following tasks.

1. The location of the economic objects and areas of recreation that is required to highlight is determined.
2. Find out where the equipment for lighting the site will be connected.
3. Decide where you need to install switches.

It is required to prepare a scheme on millimeter paper, where, taking into account the scale, depict the places of equipment installations by which the garden outer lighting is mounted. On a separate sheet, a circuit diagram is compiled.

Installation of garden lighting: Rules and recommendations

During the installation of country lighting, the following rules are held.

The principle of the connection lived in the distribution (assembly) box

1. Wires are connected only in distribution boxes available for service. Connection methods: twist with soldering, twist with mounting cap, WAGO terminals, terminal pads, crimping. The bare cores after the connection is insulated with a sticky ribbon from PVC.
2. Cables deployed on the wall must be protected by a corrugated or solid pipe.
3. Packing cables in the soil must have double insulation.
4. The air lines are suspended on a cable with a plastic shell. This allows you to reduce the number of columns.
5. Luminaires with leaks can only be installed under a canopy.
6. Lanterns on metal supports are installed on a concrete pedestal and are attached to mortgage parts with bolts and nuts. It is recommended to use lights with stainless steel supports.
7. For bulbs, operating from voltage of 12 V, use pulse reduced transformers, which are installed in precipitated place.
8. To save the electricity zone, which is not necessarily equipped with luminaires with motion sensors. Radius of response of such devices - up to 12 m with a circular review.
9. Automatic switching on and off the illumination of the country area is carried out using light sensors.
10. To control the lighting devices, key switches are used. Using the passing switches, the lamp can be turned on or off from different places.
11. The sockets are installed at a height of at least 0.6 m from the ground. It is necessary that the electrical contacts are not covered with snow. It is desirable that the outlets are hermetically closed with plastic lids.

Switching Scheme Cable Cables when connecting passage switches

Important: All mounting works are performed only with a disconnected voltage. Control of the presence (absence) of the voltage is carried out using the indicator.

In conclusion - video with a story about laying a garden track with backlight.