Malina is a common berry culture that has gained wide popularity in domestic garden sites due to its special taste properties and the content of a significant amount of useful elements. Malina is capable of providing a therapeutic effect with many diseases. In addition, the care for raspberries in the spring is very simple, which greatly facilitates the troubles of gardeners. Consider the main characteristics of the berries and rules for the care of shrubs.

Varieties of culture

This berry culture is a semi-stabbed with straight shoots 1.5 m height - 2.5 m. The root plant of the plant is long-term, because The life expectancy of the stalks is 1-2 years. The fruits bring the shoots of the two year old, on which small sprigs are formed with bandy. After fruiting, death of escapes occurs. But it does not prevent raspberries fruit every year, the bush of this culture is constantly updated. Experts distinguish such types of culture:

1. Repairing raspberries - distinguished by the highest level of yield and frost-resistant qualities.
2. Traditional raspberries - possesses endurance, the crop gives regularly. It is characterized by the ability to adapt to the environment. But this species has an average level of yield.
3. Raspberry Raspberry - its berries are distinguished by relatively large sizes and good taste. High yield is characterized by good transportability.

Choosing a place and soil preparation

One of the conditions for obtaining a big and high-quality crop is the right choice of place for landing, because From this will depend on the care of the raspberry. Features of such training are reduced to the following aspects:

1. The landing should be carried out on the wind protected from the wind, moderately moistened, as well as a fairly lit plot. The last factor is very important. With the shortage of sunlight, raspberries will develop thin, the kidneys will be weak and subsequently will give an insufficient number of colors. It will negatively affect the crop.
2. Plot for landing raspberries and care should have a small slope. The maximum permissible indicator is 3 °.
3. Soil should be cleaned from weeding plants and break.
4. Before planting the soil, it is necessary to enrich mineral and organic fertilizers. The most suitable for this culture is a sublinous and sampling soil due to its water permeable properties.
5. Saplings of raspberries are planted at the beginning of the spring before being blown up the kidneys or in the autumn period after falling leaves.

Rules landing

The rules for landing raspberries and the departure of spring agrarian are reduced to the following aspects:

1. Saplings can be planted in the wells or in trenches. The dimensions of the wells should be 40 cm by 50 cm. In the recess you need to pour the landing mixture and form it in the form of a holloch. The roots are wetted in the land mortar, after which they fall into the well and put on a layer of soil. There should be a distance of 1 m between the bushes, between the rows - 2 m.
2. The depth of the trench should be 45 cm, the width is 50 cm. Between the rows it is necessary to maintain a space of 1.3 m. The bushes in the row should be located 0.5 m from each other.
3. Trench you need to fill the planting nutritional mixture from the upper ground layer, manure and mineral fertilizers. It is not necessary to add fertilizers containing nitrogen, it will prevent raspberry rooting.
4. Roots in the process of disembarkation should be placed in a vertical position. The level of reel depends on the structure of the soil. Under the conditions of light soil, the shrimcaling of the root system should be carried out by 5 cm. With a severe cervical structure, it is left at the soil level.
5. Malina as its development consumes a large amount of nutrients from the ground. For this reason, this culture needs regular watering to maintain the required level of humidity. To determine the required amount of moisture, you should proceed from the following proportions: 1 bucket of water should be obtained on 3 bushes.

Subsequently, shoots will need to be taped. To do this, at the prepared plot should be installed. Installation is as follows:

1. Along the ranks with a gap in 5-7 m, pillars are driven.
2. Between them in 2 rows, the wire is stretched at a height of 120 cm and 60 cm.
3. The first fruits of Malina gives a year after disembarking.

Trimming in the spring

After the shoots are planted, growing raspberry and care will require trimming. With the onset of spring the tops of the shoots need to be cut. Thus, side kidneys get the opportunity to develop, which will contribute to increasing the yield. Also perform trimming can be used after garter all the taps. Pruning each variety of culture has soybeans.

The fundamental rules for the implementation of this procedure look like this:

1. The height of the raspberry raspberry of the Mirage variety should not exceed 3 kidneys over the upper wire. This requirement is due to the abundant fruction of culture. If the pruning is higher than the specified level of shoots, weighted by berries, break as a result of the impact of wind or rain.
2. The fruits of the "Kumberland" variety differ in a relatively small size, so in this case it follows the most subtle part.
3. The fruction of raspberry grade "Yellow giant" takes a longer period of time than the berries of other varieties. This variety can save a long fragment of escape over the chopler.

Upborm and processing

Fertilizing raspberries is necessary nitrogen and potassium substances. The corresponding formulations should be made for the second year and later annually in the spring or autumn period. The following composition is recommended as organic fertilizers:

• 1 meter square 5 kg of compost, 20 g of potassium sulfate and 25 g of double superphosphate;
• if there is a weak growth of culture, the infusion of bird litter is used for feeding in a 12: 1 ratio (1 bucket of 5 bushes);
• you can also feed the culture with the drugs "Kemira" and "Eco Phoska". On 10 liters of water, 3 tablespoons of the drug are used, 1 l composition is needed on 1 bush.

Also, raspberries need to be treated with insecticidal agents. Since culture is of interest to some pests, such as flying and raspberry beetle. In the average of May, this fly flies out of the soil, leaving its larvae, which cause harm to stems. Detect the impact of this pest, you can pay attention to the tops of the shoots. They, as a rule, are wound in the first days of June, after which the rotation process comes.

You can fight with Malinous Beetle manually, if the Malinnik area does not occupy a large area. The most suitable time for this is an early morning when the pest is still sleeping. The process itself is quite simple - you just need to slip your hand under the sheet with the beetle and it will fall into the palm. It is important to remember that it is impossible to process this culture in the flowering process. During this period, the Malina nectar is the source of the nutrition of many insects that pollinate the plant. Processing will lead to their death, the result will significantly reduce the crop.

Also, measures for the care of this berry culture include:

• sung soil;
• elimination of weed plants.

It will help keep the nutrient elements in the soil. It is not recommended to perform a weeding when new shoots appear, because it is possible to damage them. Espare from which the fruits are already received should be removed. If you lose the moment these shoots will deplete the soil. And there is also the likelihood of a ray of bush. In culture should be left 7-10 new shoots, it is enough to obtain a good crop. Annual shoots over this amount also need to be deleted.

Care in the autumn period and the features of preparation for winter

The feeding in this period is the extremely necessary procedure for the vital activity of the plant. Raspberry by this time is already spent all the nutrient components contained in the soil. If you lose this stage with the onset of spring culture will not give good harvest, because it will not be able to get the required substances from the exhausted soil. Features of Malina care during this period are reduced to such aspects:

1. Before pumping the soil, you need to make manure. 1 meter square will need 5 fertilizer buckets. Putting so culture follows with periodicity of 3 years.
2. In addition, mineral fertilizers are entered in the fall. This uses the composition of potassium, phosphorus and ammonium sulfate; 1 meter square use 250 g of composition. This type of fertilizer should be made after the expiration of the year after the denial of manure.
3. In the fall, it also needs to pruning, get rid of weak shoots. In addition, the bushes need to be tilted as low as possible and attach in this position to the grinding, to the lower wire.
4. You also need to remove all the leaves from the shoots. You can do it with your hand, pre-put a glove. It is necessary to hold the shoot in the palm of the palm and take place to the top.
5. It is categorically not recommended to tear the leaves, as it can be broken and the kidneys that grow on shoots. Leaves can also be left, they will cover the kidneys. In case of rain there will be wetting leaves, as a result of which the kidney will receive a burn. If, after removing the main amount of leaves, some are still preserved on shoots, they should be eliminated using a secateral or scissors.

Special attention should be paid to the bending procedure. In winter, the stems must be completely under the snow. The snow cover usually does not exceed a height of 50 cm. Accordingly, stalks must be naughty on the same height. If they go beyond snow cover, will be in extremely dangerous conditions, as they will be exposed to low temperatures.

The ability of plants to successfully transfer the winter depends on the state of the cultures themselves. In case of non-compliance with the rules, raspberries will lose resistance to low temperatures. This can occur if the bushes received an excessive amount of nitrogen in the growing season. Also, if the raspberries grew in a shaded place and lacked the sun's rays. In addition to this, the culture is well transferred the winter period at this time behind it also need to be careported.

In particular, it is necessary to ensure that the bushes have always been covered with the cover of snow. If necessary, snow should be added. The plant needs air, so in the case of the formation of the cry of ice, it should be pierced. With the arrival of spring with bushes, you need to remove the snow layer and untie them. But immediately to the sets to mount the plant should not be, it should be inspected on the subject of deceased shoots. If these are identified, they should be removed to prevent the disease of the entire culture.

Conclusion

Malina is not only a delicious, but also very useful culture. It has a large set of vitamins and elements. There are several varieties of this berry, each of which is characterized by its individual qualities. In order to get a good crop of this culture, it is necessary not only to choose high-quality seedlings, but also to put them in accordance with certain requirements. And also ensure proper care for raspberries in spring, trimming and fertilizer.

Rules of growing raspberries - care. Video: