Cement presents one of the most sought-after building materials today, which has a wide scope of application and without which it is difficult to submit almost any construction process.

Scope of application cement

Cement is necessary for such types of works as:

• construction of brick walls;
• alignment and fill of floors;
• internal and exterior decoration of various buildings and premises;
• creating garden tracks, scene in landscape design;
• to improve the foundation of the house.

The main characteristics of cement

When choosing cement as a building material, it is necessary, first of all, to pay attention to its main characteristics, among which frost resistance, water resistance, sulphate resistance, strength and anti-corrosion resistance.

Frost resistance

• Frost resistance is expressed in the ability of cement to withstand repeated freezing and thawing for a long time without explicit signs of destruction or deformation of cement stone.
• This indicator depends on the chemical composition of cement, its dispersion, the presence of additives, including air-flowing, gas-forming, hydrophobic and plasticizing agents.
• Cement, which is characterized by high frost resistance, is hydrophobic brand cement M500.

Corrosion resistance

• The corrosion resistance of the cement is expressed in its ability to withstand the negative effects of external aggressive media, for example, various aqueous solutions, magnesium salts, acids, alkalis, harmful microorganisms, bacteria, fungi, etc., which depends on a direct service life of this building material.
• Low corrosion resistance is determined by the presence in the cement stone of macropores, cracks, capillaries through which water can penetrate into its internal layers and wash individual components.
• One of the most corrosive cement species is considered to be Pozzolan Cement 400, which is used for the construction of underground and underwater objects.

Sulfast resistance

• This cement ability to resist the effects of aquatic environments, which include sulfates.
• Sulfate-resistant cements found their use in the construction of various hydraulic structures, which will be exposed to salted water.

Water resistance

• One of the most important characteristics of this building material, which is expressed in the ability of cement to expand in volume when grasping.
• The waterproof cement is seized very quickly for 10 minutes, so it is usually used for sealing seams, various joints in constructions from reinforced concrete.
• The cost of such cement is significantly higher than usual.

Strength

• The strength of any cement is expressed in its ability to withstand the increasing load.
• This indicator is calculated in kilograms per centimeter cubic and reflected in the cement brand: from M100 to M700.
• Sometimes, when marking cement, additives (gypsum, slag, etc.) are indicated, for example, cement M500 D20. D20 - means the percentage of additives, which are included in the cement solution.

Types of cement

A wide scope of application of such a building material as cement caused it to divide it into several types.

Portland cement

• This is one of the most popular varieties of cement, which is based on calcium silicates.
• It consists of a thin crushed clinker and gypsum.
• Externally distinguish Portland cement from other species in color: its powder has a gray-green shade.
• When the water is added to it, it, like other types of cement, takes a stone-shaped state and in its qualitative characteristics is practically not inferior to the usual cement.

SlagoporTlandcement

Another kind of portland cement.

• This building material is obtained by grinding the dried clinker and the domain slag with the addition of gypsum.
• Due to the production of Slagoportlandcent, it was possible to solve the problem of waste of the metallurgical industry, while its value is significantly lower than the price of ordinary portland cement.
• As for the technical characteristics of this cement, it has sufficient frost resistance, as well as increased resistance to sea and sulfate aqueous medium.

Tension cement

Cement, which has a property of stretching the reinforcement, which was introduced into it, during the collapse. This allows you to apply such a building material for the production of concrete pipes and various concrete tanks.

Carbonate cement

It is highlighted in increased resistance to carbon medium. At the same time, with solidification of such cement, much less heat is released in comparison with the usual cement, for example, brand 500.

Sand cement

The sandy cement is distinguished by low heat release rates when hardening it. However, the hammer sand is part of this building material slightly reduces the qualitative characteristics of such cement.

Magnesian cement

Cement, one of whose components is Magnezit or Dolomite. Such building material is most often applied to the arrangement of fire-resistant floors and in the production of refractory.

Tampongen cement

This is one of the varieties of cement, which includes a clinker and in a large number of gypsum. The tiponight cement found its immediate application in the process of conservation of petroleum, gas wells.

Hill-grade cement

• This type of cement is based on limestone or lime, as well as rock containing in high quantities, for example, bauxite.
• Such material for strength largely exceeds Portland cement.
• Its cost is quite high, so the clamp cement is not so often applied. It is usually used for urgent work in the winter season, the creation of various concrete and reinforced concrete structures, which are susceptible to the negative effect of strongly mineralized waters, etc.

White and colored cement

• Such cement is made on the basis of the low-populated clinker.
• Color cement differs from ordinary portaitcent with its tint, which makes it possible to apply them into decorative purposes. For example, for the inner and outer decoration of various buildings, buildings, manufacture of floor plates, steps, sculptures, etc.
• Different shades of colored cement (yellow, red, pink, blue, brown, black, green and others) are obtained by inclusion in its composition of special coloring additives (ocher, turk, manganese dioxide, ultramarine, chromium oxide and cobalt and others).
• When choosing this building material, you should not forget that it is characterized by an increased shrinkage when solidification, low anti-corrosion resistance and poor frost resistance.

How to properly fill the foundation on the video: