Beautiful, blooming garden, which brings a rich harvest - the dream of any person. But at the same time, trees require systematic care, which lies not only in watering and subcording plants, and their formation.

Therefore it is necessary to consider pruning fruit trees, because you need to know how to properly and at what time to carry out all the procedures.

The importance of events

Pruning promotes proper formation of the crown, to rejuvenate the plants by removing diseased or unsuitable branches. In addition, it helps to regulate the process of growth and fruiting, increases the quality of the crop later. In this case, control of plant development may not only cutting, but also the position of the branches - some growers of their tie, rolled up or folded.

But it allows you to grow a crop of trees copies the required size with a solid trunk, which makes it possible to improve fruit quality and resistance branches for exposure weight of the crop. In turn, the wrong approach is fraught with grave consequences for the plant. Crohn thickened with time, this leads to a late fruiting worse tolerability and winter. Therefore it is always important to define the problem, only then carry out the manipulation based on breed and type of wood.

Classification

Depending on the method of trimming distinguished:

1. Shortening or trimming, suggesting removal of upper members tree.
2. Thinning, that is the complete elimination of individual shoots, branches and ploduh.

In the first case, there is a division to: weak (1/5-1 / 4 part of the branch), mean (1/3-1 / 2 part) and strong (1/2-2 / 3 part) shortening. At this time, a slight rejuvenation is called cutting of an increase of 2-3 years of age, 4-6 years of growth - moderate rejuvenation and removal of skeletal branches - strong rejuvenation. If the process is affected in the process - it is already considered a detailed trimming. All these measures allow you to strengthen the growth of shoots, thicker branches and stimulate the development of the kidneys. But it is important to ensure proper trimming of trees, otherwise the event will lead to the weakening of individual parts of the wood.

Sluorrow contributes to the admission of light and air to the crown, accordingly accelerates the process of formation and formation of fruits. This is achieved by removing the elements of the tree on the ring. With the right trimming, the distribution of moisture and nutrients in the wood is occurring. Then the amount of kidneys is reduced, so the forces are sent to the intensive growth of the remaining formations.

Period of conducting manipulations

For certain trees, there is an optimal time for manipulations, for example, late and winter-hard-resistant apples and pears are cut off from the end of November to February. The main condition - the ambient temperature should not be below -10̊ C. This is due to the phenomenon of the brittleness of wood during frosts, then it is difficult to neatly even tilt the branches.

At this time, the bone fruit trees and weak-resistant varieties of apple and pears experts recommend cropping in spring before swelling the kidneys. This is explained by the direction of the flow of nutrients, part of which can be lost when removing individual elements. Initially, the fruitless individuals are pruning, then young copies. Bone rocks are drawn up with the latter, it usually concerns peach.

Spring care

The basic principle of trimming in early spring is based on strong shortening of lateral shoots. Then there is an activation of the development of the kidneys remaining below the cut. In the second embodiment, part of the branches is cut under the ring roller, which is at the base. This contributes to the control of the crown growth, and the slice, performed on the breath, quickly and evenly overstens.

Pruning fruit trees in spring is carried out using an acute secator, the processing of a special antiseptic is required. Specialists do not recommend the use of paint or garden preparation to provide high-quality healing of fresh cut. The process begins to dissolve the kidneys, the optimal time remains March - April, depending on the characteristics of the climate. Remove too large branches to avoid overloading fruits subsequently. The process of trimming the sharp secateur leads from the top of the kidney to the axis of the branch, the angle of inclination is 45̊.

Winter events

The most favorable period for trimming fruit trees is considered winter time. This is justified on the fading of all processes in plants, while the process is quite complex, with many nuances.

Based on the fact that the mature fructing copies of the kidney develop faster, they are first to trimmed. Work first leads with frost-resistant species - apple trees, then go to pears and plums. In advance, the professional tool and material for the processing of the wound are harvested. The secator for trimming trees should have a sharpened and clean blade, so come with neat, quickly healing wounds. The sections are treated with paint or boiled, which will protect the branches from frost.

For the timely onset of the state of resting, the autumn soil preparation is affected if there are many moisture in the ground and the nitrogen accumulates, then in the trees it does not affect Cambier. In turn, affects the portability of trimming by plants and the speed healing of the wounds.

Features of autumn trimming

In September-October, manipulations are allowed only under the condition of favorable wintering. That is, autumn trimming can be carried out exclusively in the southern regions. It is possible to exercise two types of trimming:

• sluorrow that allows you to provide access to Crolee. Depending on the age of the plant, the manipulation is carried out 1-2 times a year. Young trees during the formation of the crown, it is enough to remove the processes once, leaving only the main branches. Adults are thinning twice a year;
• procurement of branches ensures the control of the growth of the tree, the development of the side branches and stimulates fruiting. To do this, cut off the upper part of the branch before the kidney, from which growth begins in the right direction;
• two-year-old seedlings cut the central branch and side processes by 25 cm and 35 cm from the top kidney, respectively.

Tool and work technique

Trimming trees and shrubs can be carried out using a garden knife or a secaterator. The first option is preferable, because the best size of the cuts is achieved. In this case, the secateur allows you to increase the productivity of the process. The stores offer a multifunctional tool - the so-called vaccination secator with an additional complete set. In addition, there are nozzles with different sharpening, which gives the most effective result of trimming.

There is a nuance when working with a secateur - the controversial element of the tool crushes the escape, so it is placed on the part of the removed part. With an insidual secator from the kidneys, about 1 cm receded for avoiding damage. SUCHKEDOVES is usually used to remove small branches and one-year increase. And the design of the main branches is carried out with the help of a garden saw, first make an incision from below, then go to the top. It is important to choose the key to choose the cutting angle and maintain the removable items to avoid the slider.

The branch slice is designed in such a way that the lower edge of the plane is above the kidney itself, and the upper one is in close proximity to it. The surfaces of the wounds are written with a knife and treated with oil paint.

As a visual manual, you can view video trimming fruit trees: