Electrical energy has an important meaning in the life of a modern person. Household appliances and computers, elevators and ATMs - without this we do not think our everyday existence.

Main types of wire connections

Every day the number of electrical appliances increases. To ensure their uninterrupted work, you should use the wiring that will withstand maximum loads. It is the correct scheme of connecting wires in an electrical circuit that will allow consumers without any problems to use all the attributes of civilization.

There are such ways to connect wires:

• twist;
• soldering;
• clad terminals;
• threaded;
• terminal block;
• crimping;
• rivet.

Twist

A few years ago there was no alternative option to connect the wires by a twist. To make it, just with you have only passas and knife. A twist of wires is carried out depending on their diameter.

When using wires with a cross section of more than 1 mm, it is prohibited:

• charge one conductor around another;
• twist aluminum wire with copper.

If you still need to connect the copper with an aluminum wire, then the copper should be shown.

The connection of wires in a box using a twist can be performed in some variations:

• with different cross section;
• from a different metal;
• single core with multi-core.

In the box you can twist up to 6 wires. If you plan to connect a stranded conductor, then it needs to be converted to one-core through solder.

There is another option of connecting two wires with a cross section of more than 1 mm. It provides for the splicing of two pairs of wires. In most cases, this method is used when:

• conductors are interrupted;
• it is necessary to build them when changing the location of the switch or socket.

The splicing process itself consists of the following steps:

• implementation of the shift of the ends of the conductors in length by 2-3 cm;
• removal of isolation up to 20 wire sections;
• twisting conductors is accompanied by the creation of two turns on each wire.

When the twist is placed under the layer of plaster, it is definitely disappeared. Solder's growths are removed by sandpaper. Otherwise, they can disrupt isolation. Due to the fact that the shift of the twisted wires occurred, then it does not make sense to isolate them separately. Insulating tape wounds a triple layer. When laying wires in the plaster, you need to use the tube from the chlorvinyl.

The connection of electrical wires with a cross section of less than 1 mm is carried out by twisting the conductors more than 5 times. A twist in the pressure is bent with a tweezers. The use of this method leads to a decrease in cleaner dimensions and an increase in its mechanical strength.

Despite its popularity, the connection of wires by a twist often does not withstand maximum loads in the electrical network. As a result, there is an expansion of conductors and the appearance of the gap in the twist. Wires are oxidized, which leads to the disappearance of contact between the wires.

Soldering

The most reliable connection of the wires is soldering. This is especially true of copper conductors. Often, the connection of electrical devices is accompanied by lengthening and connecting wires that differ in different cross section. If they are too thin (section from 0.1 to 0.3 mm), then the twist will not help.

From conductors isolation isolation. A logging of the solder with a large diameter is made. The thinnest conductors are wound on top of it. Walking place is missing. When the wire is needed to make a direct, you should bend the thinnest wire and exhibit this place.

The process of splicing soldering stranded wires can be produced by the same technology as the connection of single-core conductors. But there is a more innovative way. The main stages are:

• 2 cm wire shift;
• stripping them ends by 6-8 mm;
• flaving wire connection star and insert them into each other;
• tightening a pair of thin wire;
• labeling lacquer for soldering;
• switching of wires;
• stripping and soldering isolation.

Cape terminals

A very common way to attach conductors is a detachable method. It provides for the use of capel terminals. Usually cover contacts that have a cross section of up to 0.8 mm. The reliable location of the terminal for connecting the wires is achieved due to the presence of a protrusion in it, and in the central part of the contact - the holes.

The overalling of the terminal occurs due to bad contact. But it does not need to be changed. Terminem and in the future can be used if it is crimped. It is carried out as follows:

• bred in the side of the terminals that fix the wire;
• nadfil is stepping place of the solder;
• this place is imposed by solder;
• cleaning and railing of the conductor is performed;
• it is applied to the terminal and heats up the soldering iron;
• clean the mustache terminals;
• the cap is stretched for insulation;
• the terminal joins the contact.

Threaded connection

Soldering is the most reliable way when fixing contacts and wires. But it has both disadvantages. The main of them is the complexity of the process and in-disposable connections. For this reason, electrical contacts of many devices are better to connect with wire nuts or screws complemented by washers.

An example of such a threaded connection of contacts and wires is clearly visible in the structure of the socket. This method is used to connect the wires:

• with a cross section of more than 3 mm;
• from different metals: aluminum and copper.

The threaded connection of the two wires from different metals involves the execution of such consecutive actions:

• removal of isolation with a length of about 4 screw sections;
• stripping oxidized lived to shine;
• creating a rings on the wire;
• dressing on a screw washer.

The latter procedure is carried out in the following order. On the screw dress up:

• spring washer;
• simple washer;
• ring of one conductor;
• another simple washer;
• ring of the second conductor;
• simple washer;
• screw.

When connecting the wires made from one metal, or a lifted copper conductor with an aluminum wire between the conductors rings, it is not necessary to lay the puck. A multicore copper conductor should be processed by the solder.

Terminal block

If there are small loads in the electrical network, you can use to connect the pads of the pads. This device is a tube from brass, which in the side part has two threaded holes. The tube is placed in the housing made of carbolite or plastic.

The fixation of the wires occurs at opposite ends of the tube. Buying a terminal pad occurs depending on the cross section of the wires that will be connected. Also in the tube you can fix multiple conductors.

The advantages of using terminal blocks are:

• simplicity and speed connections;
• the ability to connect aluminum and copper wires without soldering.

Pressing

Sometimes there is a connection of wires to carry out an in-disposable method. This method is the most effective in the electrical wiring device in hard-to-reach places. It can be completed in two different options:

• crimping;
• rivet.

The easiest way is the fixation lived with crimping. Conductors are connected, made only from the same metal. The process of crimping is performed depending on the thickness of the conductors and consists of the following steps:

• several conductors twisted;
• they are inserted into the tube, which should be made of similar material;
• the tube is compressed by press ticks.

Pressing provides for the connection and single-core, and stranded conductors. The size of the tube must coincide with the cross section of all twisted wires. The most optimal option when the wires will be very tight into the tube.

The connection of electrical wires that differ in large diameters is carried out using special press ticks (PCs, PMK or PKG). This device is used to crimp any-sized wires. A set of various matrices and tips is included with the press clamp.

The process of enhancing the wire includes such steps:

• removal from the insulation conductor;
• placing the wire in the tip;
• compression tip with press clamps.

Rivet

This method of connecting wires is largely similar to the use of the screw. But if the screw can be unscrewed, it is impossible to disassemble the rivet. A significant disadvantage is that the work should be carried out by a special tool.

The connection of aluminum and copper wires using a rivet is as follows:

• on the rivet alternately put on aluminum wire, grover, copper wire, flat washer;
• the rod is inserted into the riveter;
• the instrument handle is pressed;
• clicking.

Connection of wires interrupted in the wall

Sometimes in the course of finishing work, you can inappropriate to damage the wire. In this case, to get to the interrupt conductor, you will have to remove the entire layer of plaster. Consider two main options:

• copper wire interrupts;
• aluminum wire interrupts.

Copper wire connection is made in such a sequence:

• the hidden damaged wire by 3-5 cm in length is freed from plaster;
• the conductor is disconnected into two parts;
• with both conductors, an insulation is removed by 12-15 mm;
• at the ends of the wires are applied solder;
• a tube is inserted into one conductor;
• the tube should be longer than the length of the bare conductors;
• cropped with a piece of copper wire with the same diameter as the interrupted wire;
• wire is covered by the solder;
• it occurs its soldering of the mustache with the ends of the oversized wire;
• the insulation tube is shifted to the solder seat;
• one layer of insulating tape is wound.

The connection of the aluminum wires interrupted is carried out only by the mechanical method. The main stages of this process are:

• from the two ends of the conductor, insulation is removed;
• from wires are created rings with a diameter of up to 4 mm;
• a stack of aluminum wire is created;
• in cross section, it must be identical damaged conductors;
• insert rings are installed on top of the wire rings;
• the rings are connected using a screw with washers and nut;
• closing of bare wires insulating tape.

In order to prevent mechanical damage, the tape can be coated with a tube, and from above another layer isol.

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