For the modern person, the voltage differences is a very unpleasant problem, due to which household appliances and lighting fail. It is much more commonly found outside the city in the country or in private houses, in which people live constantly. Fortunately, today with voltage drops can be successfully fighting. For this purpose, an electrical device called a voltage stabilizer is most often used. They may have different power. Depending on the needs and availability of money, you can buy a general stabilizer or a device for a particular electrical device.

How to choose an instrument

Power Indicator

When choosing a voltage stabilizer for the home, first of all, you should decide on the power of the device. If you need to maintain a stable voltage for the whole house, it is recommended to choose a stabilizer whose power by 30% exceeds the total power of all necessary electrical appliances. Devices having less indicators in such conditions may overheat, which leads to their automatic shutdown.

The minimum recommended power for the voltage stabilizer for the hinged house is 5 kilowatt. Little for which modern technology requires such indicators, but, being included together, all electronic devices can create a very decent load on the network.

If you turn on at the same time several types of household appliances, the specified value will immediately be exceeded. In this case, in this case, not to remain in the dark due to the disconnection of the device, a stabilizer with a power reserve is required.

Single-phase and three-phase devices

There are several types of devices, including:

1. Single phase voltage stabilizer for home.
2. Three-phase voltage stabilizer for home.

If the device is purchased to the apartment or for the country's construction, it is best to give preference to a single-phase device, which is designed for 220 volts. Three-phase necessary, for example, for installation in the production workshop, where the network voltage is 380 volts. There may be single-phase and three-phase on the territory of country houses. It is necessary to know to determine the type of stabilizer.

To determine which is in the house of the power grid, you can use in several ways:

1. See how many wires in the cable goes to the apartment. If the network is single-phase, then they are usually two or three in this case. If the cable that feeds the house, four and more wires, the network is most likely three-phase.
2. You can see what counter you are installed in the entrance. Modern devices, designed for 380 volts, have three pulse meter indicators, one at each phase. If the counter is installed for a single-phase network, then it has only one indicator.
3. You can also look at a circuit breaker available near the counter. If a network is carried out by 200 volts, a single-pole or two-pole switch is set. At 380 volts, three-pole and four-pole.
4. You can still see the voltage of the conducted power grid in the documentation for the power supply of the room.

If the network is 220 volts, then choose the stabilizer will be much simpler. With a three-phase network of 380 volts, one three-phase stabilizer is needed or three single-phase. What option is better to prefer?

First of all, you need to know whether three-phase electrical appliances will be on the network (for example, machines or electric motors). In this case, one three-phase stabilizer is uniquely needed. You can distribute a three-phase load on three independent single-phase. For this incident, it is better to buy three single-phase devices. It is also worth knowing that only electromechanical stabilizers can be three-phase. Single-phase appliances on sale can be found almost all types, i.e. They may be:

1. Electromechanical or dynamic.
2. Relay.
3. Electronic.
4. Ferroresonance.
5. Hybrid.

Device device

Voltage Stabilizer Scheme for Home

If you pay attention to the design of any three-phase stabilizer, then these will be three single-phase devices that are connected according to the "Star" scheme. There is a single protection system for all three phases.

If a short circuit occurs on one of the phases, reboot, output from the control limits, the device is automatically disconnected by all three phases. Even though the voltage is regulated anywhere independently.

It is also worth knowing that in three-phase stabilizers does not control the phase shift. If you do not plan to use three-phase consumers, then, perhaps, it will be better to purchase several single-phase voltage regulators.

Types of voltage stabilizers

Network voltage stabilizer for home: photo

By selecting the appropriate power of the device, you can decide on the approximate amount you want to pay for it. But not to overpay, you need to know which stabilizers and their main features.

All types of devices can be divided into two large classes:

1. Devices with smooth inclusion (electrodynamic and electromechanical).
2. Regulators with stepped voltage switching (relay, electronic).

Hybrid devices belong to the other group.

Inverter devices

High quality themselves, but at the same time, inverter voltage stabilizers for the house are considered very expensive. Their features:

1. Acceptable regulation rate.
2. Large input voltage range.
3. High accuracy of stabilization of outlet voltage.

It is also worth noting the following additional services:

1. Overvoltage protection.
2. Enlarged cosine fi.
3. The ability to select operation modes.

Relay devices

The cheapest types of devices are ferricsonance and relay. Each of them has its advantages and disadvantages. From the flaws of relay can be allocated:

1. Bulkiness.
2. Small input voltage range.
3. Unstable operation when changing the frequency of the network.
4. Low power.
5. Limited opportunities.

Such devices include voltage stabilizers for the "Resanta" house.

Stabilizers with servo drive

A good option in the ratio of "price-quality". They have an electric motor that moves the coal electrode on the winding of the autotransformer. However, in such stabilizers, the input voltage change is very slowly tracked. Therefore, with a sharp change of voltage, they will be useless.

Simistor voltage stabilizers for home

Usually they are equipped with an autotransformer. In these variants of devices, simistors are used instead of the control relay. Unlike electronic voltage stabilizers for home, these devices have a switching resource for two or three orders of magnitude more. Therefore, they can be called optimal when choosing a relatively inexpensive and high-quality instrument.

Where to install the stabilizer?

Choosing the device, you need to decide in advance where it will be installed.

Recommendations:

1. Stabilizers with a capacity of 5 and more kilowatts are rather heavy and bulky. However, the place of their placement in any case should be next to the introductory switchboard. It is recommended to further acquire a special rack. Although, outdoor and wall variants are also acceptable.
2. Device type and installation location should also match. So, no electromechanical stabilizers should be installed in unheated premises, because the minimum temperature for their operation is -5 degrees Celsius. At low temperatures can work, for example, relay devices.
3. It is important is the presence of devices in the device that displays the current mode and voltage. This can help if faults appear.
4. If there is incandescent bulbs in the apartment (mirror or halogen) when switching the transformer windings, the brightness of their light will change due to voltage jumps on the network. In energy saving lamps, this effect will not be markedly, because They have one brightness in a wide range of stresses.
5. If the stabilizer is high-quality, then when the input voltage value is exceeded, it must automatically turn off. Otherwise, the technique can just burn. More sign of good voltage regulator considered automatic power-off at a very low voltage.
6. In the instructions for each instrument, you can find a graph that reflects how its output power depends on the input voltage. If there are no such schemes, then the output power is usually indicated at extreme stress borders.
7. Sometimes it is possible to meet information that expensive stabilizers have no power at the outlet. In fact, it is impossible, because Regardless of the price of the device, the output power drops in all regulators. To understand this, first of all, you need to know that the maximum power of the devices is usually indicated in volts or kilovolt-amperes. This is a measurement of complete power, which is equal to the sum of the active and reactive indicator. The first one is measured in kilowatts.
8. Any stabilizer is characterized by cosine fi, which displays the amount of energy consumed spent on the useful operation. For example, in the incandescent lamp, this figure is equal to one, because all the energy is spent on heat and light. In the apartment almost all load is only active. Therefore, cosine can be considered equal to 0.95 to one. As for private houses, this indicator usually has a value of 0.5 or less.