Some country property owners have to deal with such a problem as a crack in the wall of a brick house. This applies not only to old buildings, but also new homes. In this article we will talk about the causes of cracks and how to eliminate them.

Causes of cracks

To determine the specific reason for the occurrence of cracks in brick walls, you must use gypsum or paper ribbons. At a certain period of time (usually within 2-3 months), tapes are placed on a crack. If the tape does not break, the crack is simply close to cement mortar. With a constant increase in the slit, determine the cause of this phenomenon.

There are several reasons for the appearance of cracks in brick walls. The main ones are:

• shrinkage of a new house, occurring over 1-2 years;
• insufficient depth of bookmarking foundation;
• too long load from the existing overlaps;
• deformation of the foundation or beam overlaps;
• different indicator of the carrier ability of the soil in the area of \u200b\u200bthe whole building;
• uneven load on the ground in various parts of the house.

A rather common deformation process is the uneven shrinkage of the foundation. The reasons for its appearance can be:

• inaccurately conducted engineering and geological work;
• low-quality foundation laying;
• invalid operation of communications systems at home.

Non-quality engineering and geological work is often the cause of the building drawdown. As a result of the implementation of earthworks, the structure of the soil can be broken. Or immediately did not find a weak soil, which will not be able to withstand the utmost load of the house.

The low-quality foundation laying is manifested in the fact that the drainage is incorrectly performed or the waterproofing material is laid. This can lead to abundant soil wet under the house. As a result, the load on the foundation on a certain area may change.

The crack in the wall may appear if communication systems are incorrectly operated. For example, to aggravate this process can constant sewers of the sewerage or water supply.

The occurrence of cracks on the walls may be a consequence of changes in the direction of groundwater movement. This is especially true for the construction of the house and other buildings in large areas.

Sometimes it is possible to determine the cause of the formation of slots in the wall in its size. When the crack expands to the bottom, this is evidence of an increased load of the building overlap. The reason for expanding the gap upstairs is the setting of the foundation of the house.

After determining the specific reason for the appearance of cracks, one of the two options for their elimination should be selected:

• close the existing slot without strengthening the wall;
• strengthen the wall design.

Seeling cracks

The embodiment of the slit depends on its value. Cracks are:

• small (up to 5 mm);
• middle (5-10 mm);
• wide (over 10 mm).

For sealing small and medium cracks, you can use cement mortar or mounting foam. The slot is necessary:

• clear from the garbage and the remains of the old solution;
• mail with water.

Before using the cement mortar, with the help of a hammer should be knocked off the extreme part of the crack. Only so you can provide the maximum adhesion of concrete with a brick wall. To eliminate medium-sized slots, the concrete solution is diluted with dry small sand.

A crack can be filled with and mounting foam. After a complete pouring, the foam cuts into a depth of up to 2 cm, and the groove is closed with a concrete solution. The process of eliminating cracks of the wall is performed on both sides of the building.

Close up a crack in a brick wall, which has a width of more than 10 mm, it is necessary using a cement solution and metal anchors in the form of the letter "T". The fastening of anchors with the help of dowels occurs on both sides of the crack.

Strengthening the wall

If there are very wide slots, it is recommended to disassemble the masonry and replace with new bricks. Moreover, the laying of bricks is carried out by the lock method. The new laying provides for the presence of plugs of reinforcement or strips made of metal. They overlap all the gaps.

Depending on the size of the slots, the repair of cracks in the brick walls can assume:

• the use of metal brackets;
• strengthening support elements;
• lengthening wall design;
• strengthening common
• punching of the opening in the bearing wall.

Metal brackets

The mounting of the metal bracket is performed in perpendicular order to the crack. Their quantity depends on the length of the slot. First, the holes are drilled in the wall. After fixing the bracket, the crack is clamped from both sides, which prevents the process of expansion.

When fastening metal brackets with the front side of the building, it is necessary to make a deepening. They will make some imperceptible brackets. The brackets themselves are lubricated with concrete solution.

If the metal brackets could not be found for various reasons, then the use of conventional metal corners or strips will be an alternative option. For their reliable fastening, a dowel-nails are applied.

Strengthening the support elements

When the support element is damaged, it should be strengthened with brickwork. For this, steel reinforcement is used (with a diameter of 3-8 mm), which is stacked at each fourth seam. But sometimes this is not enough and support is fully changed.

This process involves strengthening the disclosures and racks of all structures that transmit the load on the support. The support is disassembled, and the new brickwork is accompanied by styling of reinforcement in pre-laying seams every 4-5 rows.

Wall lengthening

The elongation of the bearing wall can be carried out in two ways:

• with dressing;
• without dressing.

Looking walls can be carried out if the height of the new wall does not exceed the size of one floor at home. In the end part of the old wall, nests are made at 3-5 bricks. Their depth must be half a brick. The laying of the new wall occurs on a concrete solution.

Without dressing, the connection of new and old walls is carried out with the creation of seams using the Ruberoid strips. Only thus ensures the maximum dense adhering of the new wall to the old design.

Strengthening simpleness

Strengthening the seasplets located between the door and window openings can be produced by increasing their cross section by reducing the width of the opening. Moreover, the new masonry can be carried out both from one and from both sides of the simpleness. Its connection with the old dressing occurs every 2-3 rows.

But sometimes there is a problem when the opening cannot be reduced by width. In this case, the reinforced concrete "corset" is created. It is located inside the room. The device "Corset" involves the insulation of the wall with a plaster layer.

If it is necessary to completely shift the simpleness (for example, when replacing window openings), then the openings are necessarily strengthened with racks having transverse ligaments. New brickwork is recommended to carry out a wire for reinforcing design.

Punching of the opening

It is possible to fix the crack in brick walls by punching and enhancing the opening in the bearing wall. Before starting this work, the overlap is strengthened with supports, racks, beams and wedges. Racks are nailed to the upper beam. For this, staples are used. From the outside of the wall, the wall is enhanced by the strips that are based on the stands. The stands themselves are kept with the help of wedges, driven into the ground.

After strengthening the overlap, the groove is cut on one side of the wall. Jumpers are inserted into it. Bay stop locations:

• wetted with water;
• filled with concrete mortar;
• climb on wedges made of oak, or brick.

After the cement solution is frozen, the grooves are cut into and jumpers on the other side of the wall are inserted. This method of sealing cracks is completed by brick disassembly throughout the way.

When the cause of cracks in the brick wall is the incorrect foundation, the base of the building is further strengthened by the concrete belt. On the perimeter of the whole house, you should dig a trench. Its depth must exceed the depth of the foundation. In this trench and it is necessary to pour cement mortar.

Video on the sealing cracks in the brick wall: