Roof performs the function of protecting the home from different weather phenomena. Therefore, when it is necessary to try to carry out the construction of the construction work as a higher quality. This, above all, will significantly increase its service life. But sooner or later, any roof need repair, and you have to be ready for it. And pull the restoration of the roof is not necessary. Indeed, the stronger will be damaged by construction, so it will need more time and money to repair the house roof. Therefore, we consider in this article, how to repair perform repair and construction work.

accident prevention

In preparation for the repair and construction of the roof is necessary, first of all, take care of the security:

1. So, for roofing work need special equipment such as goggles and respirators.
2. More need clothing that covers the body tightly. It usually is comfortable and does not restrict movement, and she should not be hanging ends and ligaments.
3. In addition, the need gloves made of thick fabric. When working on the roof necessarily need shoes, which will not slide. For example, shoes with felt soles. To work on the roll roofing is best to wear rubber boots on his feet.
4. In addition to shoes, it is advisable to prepare the safety agents. It is best to use climbing equipment for this purpose.
5. When the necessary gear is prepared, you need to clear the territory near the house. Next, it should be protected, since during operation can fall down the part of the old roof.
6. Over the Earth it is recommended to make a canopy from some durable material. In extreme cases, you can use a dense film. This will allow to protect other people from falling from the roof down building material and tools.
7. So that the tools do not fall, it is desirable to purchase a special belt.

For repair work, the stairs will most likely need. For this purpose, it is best to use special designs that can cling to the lip of the roof. They have a special stand, due to which the weight of a person with tools is distributed evenly. Sometimes you need to use additional lining. It can be bags with sawdust, paper or sand.

It is important to choose the right time to repair the roof of the private house. Special attention should be paid to weather conditions. It is best for such work to pick the day when it is warm dry weather. The most suitable periods are considered late spring or early autumn.

Inspection of the roof

Most of all over time, fastening products, drainage, endands, supports, as well as parts of the roof are spoiled, on which the most more loads occur. It is them that you need to see first. But the rest of the surface can not be left without attention. It is necessary to inspect the root not only before carrying out repair work, but also several times during its operation (as prophylaxis).

The roof repair of the house should be started with the assessment of its overall state. In particular, it is necessary to examine it from the street. Some of the defects are noticeable at a distance. Pay attention to the roof covering. Perhaps immediately will be noticeable to the roofing material.

Then look at the roof edge, standing below. So usually better visible are all available irregularities. It is desirable using binoculars to also see the state of the funds, supports of skates, eaves, canals, ventilation.

Inspection of the territory

The convenience of repairing the roof is preferably foreseen at the construction stage of the house. In particular, it must be attended by secure access to it. The attic is recommended to be spacious, it should have good lighting and high-quality floor, withstanding loads. If the lighting is not equipped, then it will take a rather powerful portable lantern to inspect the roof before repairs. It is advisable to provide for a hearing window, carved stairs.

If the house is already built and the floor in the attic is a little adapted for movement, then on the beams it is recommended to lay strong boards for which it will be possible to go during the repair work. If there is no trim from the inside of the roof, then the solar rays will be visible in the attic, which indicates the places of defects in the roof.

Special attention should be paid to the wiring. Electricity malfunctions can lead to very serious consequences. In addition, it is necessary to check waterproofing, flooring, floors and rafters. These elements should not be a dampness, mold and rot.

If the foci of rotting will be deleted, then this does not mean that the problem is solved. The situation may arise again. Therefore, it is important not only to remove the roting parts, but also determine the reason for their appearance. In the pitched roof it is not always possible to find the place of leakage. This is due to the fact that water often passes above on the skate. When it takes rotation of the part of the roof adjacent to the wall or support, the reason for this is most likely damage to the waterproofing.

Provice the occurrence of rotting can a large amount of moisture accumulated under the roof. To solve this problem, there can be good surface ventilation. If the roof is infected with insects, you need to replace the affected area and process it with the help of special chemicals.

The leakage of the design is easiest to be detected in rainy weather. You can talk about serious seals if puddles appeared on the floor, and on the walls of the drum. On the plots of dampness on rafters it is possible to judge the places of flows. Other roof defects can be detected in the spring when it starts to melting snow. So, on the junctions, in the wasteplates and endows, and the ice is formed in the funnels, which prevents the right flow of water. This problem may still arise from the wet insulation after the rain or snowfall.

If after the past precipitates are visible places requiring repair, then it is necessary to carefully inspect the roofing material for the presence of defects and damage in it. If the flow appears not immediately after there are precipitates, but only after a while, the problem is most likely in the presence in the roof of microcracks.

If, when inspected, the places that may require repairs are revealed, they should somehow mark them. It will be needed in order to take them into account when repairing the roof. This can be done, for example, using a marker or chalk.

How to choose a mining method

During inspection, various defects are usually detected. This may be a disturbance of the roof tightness, chips of the flooring or base, contamination or breakdown of drainage. For flat designs, the displacement of roofing elements is characteristic. When you know specific problems, you can choose for each of them the corresponding repair method:

1. In case of emergency repair, the local restoration of the most "problem" roof sections is performed. Work is usually carried out in places where damage is already available or where they may well be.
2. At the current repair, a planned partial reconstruction of the roof is performed. This is usually done if the roof is damaged by 15-35%.
3. When the roof is damaged by more than 35%, overhaul is carried out, in which dismantling and replacing the damaged area with a new coating.
4. The elements of the roof, the damage of which was the reason for the appearance of a serious leakage, it is recommended to replace new ones. You can instead to impose on them the planes from the same material.
5. Small cracks are usually poured using a sealant or ribbon with a special tape. Smallest damage to the roof can be chosen by a variety of ways.

In general, it is much more complicated to restore the old roof than the new one. It is also worth considering when the method is selected.

Repair of the rafter system

The rafter system is a very important part of the roof. It is she who holds the whole design. The rainfall accounts for the main load from the rainflows, the severity of snow and the gusts of the wind. In addition, this system withstands the weight of the roofing material. Therefore, when damaged rafters, you need to work as quickly as possible by the overhaul of the roof of the house. These works are manufactured in the following order:

1. First, the plating, insulation and roofing flooring are removed at the place of damage. After that, you need to disassemble the crate. If the rafter support saved somewhere, the affected place should be well cleaned. Then from two sides you need to fill on the long nails of the board, with a length of 0.9-1.1 m and a thickness of 35-55 mm.
2. Sometimes part of the rafter system can be fed to the core itself. In this case, this entangled piece should be cut, then install the rod prosthesis, which should be 3 times longer than the rotational part. On the edges of the installed prosthesis are put over a lining.
3. After that, the whole design is connected by long nails (110-160 mm). When repairing the rafter system under the rafter, it is necessary to substitute the temporary racks that can be removed after the rods will be installed.

In some cases, it is damaged not the rafted themselves, but a doom, which can no longer bear the severity of the roof. In this case, you need to remove the defamations and cracks. It can be done very simple - should be replaced by the crate. Although, sometimes it is enough to strengthen it. To do this, the timber is usually stacked between rafters and boards are stuffed in the transverse direction.

Repair of hydro and thermal insulation

If the leakage has affected the insulation, then it can lose its main heat insulating properties from moisture. If this happened, such a insulation is required to change. It is also recommended to replace it if it is hard to keep warm.

In general, the roofing layer consists of the following three items:

1. Waterproofing membrane.
2. Heat insulator.
3. Vapor insulation layer.

The heat insulator is most often made of mineral wool. The material of the vapor barrier layer is usually polyethylene, foil elements and countertile membranes.

If the insulation is damaged, then the repair will be quite expensive. In any case, these works can be done with their own hands.

The insulation repair is made as follows:

1. Inside the cover is removed to get to the vaporizolation layer. It also needs to be removed. After that, check on the touch insulation. If wet plates are found, they need to be replaced with dry.
2. In addition, it is necessary to check the waterproofing layer. If it is integer, then the film can be laid back. Otherwise, it should be replaced. At the same time, the waterproofing membrane must be put in such a way that it shakes rafters. This is easiest to do, simply having it to rafters with nails or brackets.
3. The insulation plates need to be cut down in such a way that they are in width by 12 mm more than the distance between the rafters. It is necessary to lay them as follows: first slightly compress, then placed between the rafted. There, they will take their own former shape, because of what they will not fall out.

It is impossible to allow the joints between the first two layers of the heat-insulator to be combined. Sometimes in order for all repair work to be performed correctly, the thickness of the rafter increases with the help of lining. After they need to fill nails, which the cord is stretched over the insulation. Then, with an adhesive, 75-105 mm over the insulation, an insulation layer is lifted, which is fixed using a stapler.

Repair of roofing flooring

If steel is used as roofing material, then most often the result for repair becomes the above-mentioned gaps, surface rotes or damage to paint and varnish coatings. The main method of repairing the roof of a wooden house when the appearance of large gaps is the use of silicone sealant. A spoiled paint layer should be cleaned, degreased and coat enamel. With fairly significant defects on the rotten areas of the structure, steel patches should be applied, which are connected by false.

If the roofing material is a metal tile, then the repair may be needed if the paint began to lie with it, the blocks broke down or the roof deflection arose.

Pure blocks usually change to new ones. For this, they dismiss those of them that hold damaged elements, after which they put a new sheet metal tile. This material itself is quite expensive, but you should know that at the moment there is a guarantee of 10-20 years. If during this period he lost its operational properties, for example, cracks appeared on it, then you have the full right to demand from the seller to replace the poor-quality goods.

If you replace the sheet to a new way, then damage (chips, cracks) on the coating can be cleaned, degrease and paint. But the material after such a repair will not be able to fulfill its functions for a long time. Therefore, buy new anyway sooner or later will have to buy.

Perhaps one of the cheapest roofing materials is slate. Despite this, he can last long enough. Today manufacturers give it a warranty period to 15 years. Sooner or later, this material will also require repair. With minor damage, you can use the following method. So, first the roof is cleaned with a rigid brush and washes. After that, you need to wait until it dry. Then the soil should be applied, which is a diluted PVA glued with water. The thickness of the application layer must be at least 3 mm. Cracks should be squeezed.

If the damage is large, the slate sheets should be replaced. To do this, you must first remove those of them that are too outdated. To do this, you must first get nails fixing them. This will allow neighboring sheets to start raising, which will facilitate the installation of new blocks.