At the year-round cultivation of vegetables there are a number of complexities that need to be overcome in order to obtain a good harvest. One of the highlights is the creation of a microclimate, starting from autumn to early spring is difficult to maintain optimum temperature settings.

Due to the fact that the soil and the air around the cold, have to think over the heating of the greenhouse.

The need to maintain temperature

Greenhouse heating makes it possible to grow different cultures and get a crop even in a cold period, respectively make vegetable growing more cost-effective. There are many ways to ensure heat, many manufacturers offer greenhouse designs with thoughtful heating technology. When choosing a suitable option, growing vegetables will be effective and can be counted on regular income.

Possible options

There are 6 main types of systems:

• solar;
• biological;
• air;
• gas;
• chimney;
• electric.

Impact solutions

The cheapest option is the heating of the internal space of solar energy. To embody it, it is enough to build a greenhouse on a lit place from a suitable material. It is known that the glass acts as a magnifying glass, respectively, heat energy will go from the sun's rays. But for the cold season and night time, this method is not suitable. Strong temperature differences negatively affect the state of plants, so this method is important to combine with more efficient technologies.

The biological method is based on heat release in the process of decomposition of organic substances from the vital activity of microorganisms. This means that special substances are laid in soil, for example, horse manure. The air is enriched with carbon dioxide, and the soil is moistened due to strong evaporation. This is also considered an additional method of heating.

More complex techniques

From professional options, air heating is popular. It is a separate system installed during the construction of the structure. The technology involves the use of heating and ventilation units mounted in elements of the building or standing on separate supports. The correct installation involves the directional effect of energy on the middle and upper part of the space, then the intense heat flux will not harm neither plants nor the soil. The heating of the soil in the greenhouse is provided by perforated sleeves, which is stacked around the perimeter of the entire design.

For the embodiment of gas heating, special calorifers are used, which burn the fuel directly in the plaster of the greenhouse. Air heats up with gas burners or passes on specially laid sleeves. To improve the efficiency of the system and avoid the burnout of oxygen, the simultaneous operation of heating and ventilation is important, that is, the air flow should be present. In the case of small greenhouses, specialists establish cylinders to organize a system, for impressive areas will have to be connected to the central gas pipeline. Accordingly, it is necessary to undergo a step of coordination of the project for all instances.

Oven - option for all times

Heated greenhouse in winter with an area of \u200b\u200bup to 15 m2 can be carried out with the help of furnaces of furnaces, which provide 2 options:

• the technology consists of a furnace and output of exhaust gases. To do this, it will be necessary to design the chimney and the discharge pipe, the hook of the furnace should also be outside the room with the seedle;
• using the barrel of large volume, the furnace is inserted into it and remove the chimney, drain valve and a hole for the expansion tank. The chimney is a pipe with a length of 5 m, an expansion tank is connected to the upper opening. The system, as a rule, make up the pipes of the rectangular section 40x20x1.5. They are located directly on the ground at a distance of about 1.2 m, the pump is attached to ensure water circulation.

Temperature control can be carried out using a thermal sensor, and the furnace to surface by any firewood. These systems are considered sufficiently profitable and effective.

Heating using electrical appliances

The bulk of existing proposals is electrical systems that are popular thanks to their action. They assume the use of various convectors, heat guns, heating mats and cables, and regulatory sensors add to the simplicity and efficiency of operation.

There is a classification of electrical systems using:

• convection instruments - equipment with heating spirals, it is mounted throughout the greenhouse. Then, when inclusion, rapid air flows are going - greenhouses are obtained with uniform heating. Of the minuses of technology, there is an insufficient effect on the soil and the complexity of the system of system;
• calorifers, that is, portable fans. They allow you to increase the temperature indoors to the required level. But at the same time, the devices are cut into air, which negatively affects the state of plants;
• wires that are laid directly into the ground. Heated greenhouse cable refers to affordable technologies in arrangement and financial plan. The scheme may assume the installation of tape and cable around the perimeter or into the outer walls of the structure, the optimal version is calculated in advance at the design of the greenhouse design. The main nuance of technology is the correct selection of temperature regime, because such heating is able to injure the root system of cultivated cultures;
• infrared radiation, which is characterized by ease of operation. The feature of the technology is to design and configure the system for heating space directly near the plant. But the embodiment of the method is possible only by experts, complex technologies require qualified intervention. When designing infrared heating, the greenhouses apply special devices for autonomous control of the microclimate indoor;
• the heat pump that is used mainly for large greenhouses. This system is very effective, but expensive financially. Equipment processes energy to heat, which ensures air and water heating.

Heated greenhouses made with your own hands

The self-made heating device with water is considered fairly simple and profitable, directly equipment can be made independently. Two cases are possible:

1. It will take an old fire extinguisher and tan, tap tubes and radiators. The body of the fire extinguisher is cut off, afterwards it will be closed with a removable lid. The heating element with a power of 1 kW is installed on the bottom. From the housing, two pipes with radiators are displayed, it is advisable to attach the variable current relay. The operation of the system is to heat the water in the tank, which will switch to radiators, in turn, the heat surrounding space.
2. Pre-taking a tank for 30 liters, to which couplings weld at the ends and below. They are attached to the pipeline and boiler. Next, in the corner of the greenhouse, the boiler with a volume of 50 liters and the 2 kW electric heater, the system is closed by mounting the pipeline to the boiler. When starting the system, the heated water will rise to the expansion tank and go further along the laid pipeline.

Another solution that is advantageous and easy to implement is a system of warm floors. First of all, choose the desired power, too high indicators will cut the soil, respectively damage the harvest. For installation, it is necessary to pre-remove the soil layer with a thickness of 40 cm, make a pillow from sand. Thermal insulation is placed on this layer, with waterproofing. As a first, polystyrene was used, then a polyethylene film. It's all covered with sand with a layer of 5 cm, thoroughly tram. The installation of the cable is carried out in the form of a snake, the wire is covered with a layer of sand 5-10 cm. When installing an automated system, the method is considered advantageous, because the energy savings are achieved by turning off the heating when the desired temperature is turned off.

In fact, there are many ways to economically equip the greenhouse. If you grow a crop for your own needs, then simple techniques are quite enough - this is an example of the proposed options.